Straw return increases crop production by improving soil organic carbon sequestration and soil aggregation in a long-term wheat-cotton cropping system  

作　　者：Changqin Yang Xiaojing Wang Jianan Li Guowei Zhang Hongmei Shu Wei Hu Huanyong Han Ruixian Liu Zichun Guo 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China [2]College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an 223003,China [3]College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China [4]Cotton Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science,Shihezi 832000,China [5]Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Nanjing 210008,China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2024年第2期669-679,共11页农业科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071968);the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China(CX(22)2015));the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,China。

摘　　要：Straw return is a promising strategy for managing soil organic carbon(SOC)and improving yield stability.However,the optimal straw return strategy for sustainable crop production in the wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)cropping system remains uncertain.The objective of this study was to quantify the long-term(10 years)impact of carbon(C)input on SOC sequestration,soil aggregation and crop yields in a wheat-cotton cropping system in the Yangtze River Valley,China.Five treatments were arranged with a single-factor randomized design as follows:no straw return(Control),return of wheat straw only(Wt),return of cotton straw only(Ct),return of 50%wheat and 50%cotton straw(Wh-Ch)and return of 100%wheat and 100%cotton straw(Wt-Ct).In comparison to the Control,the SOC content increased by 8.4 to 20.2%under straw return.A significant linear positive correlation between SOC sequestration and C input(1.42-7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1))(P<0.05)was detected.The percentages of aggregates of sizes>2 and 1-2 mm at the 0-20 cm soil depth were also significantly elevated under straw return,with the greatest increase of the aggregate stability in the Wt-Ct treatment(28.1%).The average wheat yields increased by 12.4-36.0%and cotton yields increased by 29.4-73.7%,and significantly linear positive correlations were also detected between C input and the yields of wheat and cotton.The average sustainable yield index(SYI)reached a maximum value of 0.69 when the C input was 7.08 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1),which was close to the maximum value(SYI of 0.69,C input of 7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(-1))in the Wt-Ct treatment.Overall,the return of both wheat and cotton straw was the best strategy for improving SOC sequestration,soil aggregation,yields and their sustainability in the wheat-cotton rotation system.

关 键 词：straw return crop yields SOC soil aggregates wheat-cotton cropping system 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S562