“能打”形容词化的构式压制路径阐释  

Explanation of the Construction and Suppression Path of Adjectivization of“Nengda”

作　　者：冯莉 沈欣怡 FENG Li;SHEN Xinyi(Center of Chinese Studies,Heilongjiang University;School of Chinese Linguistics and Literature,Heilongjiang University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150080)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学汉语研究中心 [2]黑龙江大学文学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《牡丹江大学学报》2024年第2期66-73,共8页Journal of Mudanjiang University

基　　金：中国外语战略研究中心重点课题“百年来语言接触视角下汉语书面语体演变研究”(WYZL2022HL0008);黑龙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“现代汉语零句研究”(19YYB0692)。

摘　　要：“能打”经历了语义与结构的历时演变,以新的语义与功能活跃在语言使用中。它从“能+V”构式和“打”的语义泛化融合而来,在构式压制及隐喻、类推机制的作用下经重新分析形容词化,呈现出独特的句法、语用功能及语体特征。“能”与“打”语义与功能的弱化为“能打”的构式压制过程及形容词化提供了重要基础,使得“能打”打败其他形式固定成词。对“能打”形容词化及其新用法的阐释有助于人们更准确地掌握前沿的语言现象。“Nengda”has experienced the diachronic evolution of semantics and structure,and is active in language use with new semantics and functions.It is derived from the semantic generalization of“neng+V”construction and“da”.Under the action of construction suppression,metaphor and analogy mechanism,it has been re-analyzed and adjectivized,showing unique syntactic,pragmatic and stylistic features.The weakening of the meaning and function of“neng”and“da”provides an important basis for the construction suppression process and adjectivization of“Nengda”,which makes“Nengda”beat other forms into fixed words.The explanation of the adjectivization of“Nengda”and its new usage is helpful for people to grasp the frontier language phenomenon more accurately.

关 键 词：“能打” “能+V” 形容词化 语义泛化 构式压制 

分 类 号：H136[语言文字—汉语] H146