2种鲤科鱼类同种与异种鱼群的群体决策差异  

Difference in Group Decision among Conspecific and Heterospecific Shoals in Two Cyprinid Species

作　　者：张久荭 肖玲韬 付世建 ZHANG Jiuhong;XIAO Lingtao;FU Shijian(Key Laboratory of Animal Biology of Chongqing,Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学进化生理与行为学实验室动物生物学重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期25-31,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.31670418)。

摘　　要：为考察鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)和中华倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus sinensis)幼鱼所组成的同种鱼群与混合异种鱼群在群体决策上的差异,对10尾鳊构成的10B组、5尾鳊5尾中华倒刺鲃构成的5B5Q组和10尾中华倒刺鲃构成的10Q组的鱼群凝聚力、鱼群分布状况、鱼群移动倾向等集群行为参数进行了比较分析。结果显示:1)同种鱼群(10B组和10Q组)与异种鱼群(5B5Q组)的鱼群凝聚力、迷宫臂与迷宫中心分布密度、成群频率和群体持续时间均无统计学意义上差异;10B组的成群时间比低于5B5Q组和10Q组的成群时间比,差异均具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。2)同种鱼群与异种鱼群的发动频率没有统计学意义上的差异,但10B组的成功频率低于10Q组的成功频率,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05);10B组和5B5Q组在群体移动成功率方面均低于10Q组,差异均具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。3)异种鱼群中在所有发动次数和所有成功的出臂活动方面中华倒刺鲃作为领头鱼的比例高于鳊作为领头鱼的比例,差异均具有统计学意义(p<0.05);但在失败的出臂行为方面2种鱼作为领头鱼的比例没有统计学意义上的差异。上述结果提示:中华倒刺鲃比鳊更容易成功发动群体决策行为,且比鳊更具领导能力,这可能与中华倒刺鲃相对于鳊具有更强的游泳能力和更具勇敢性和探索性有关。To investigate the differences in group decision making between conspecific and heterospecific shoals composed of Chinese bream(Parabramis pekinensis) and qingbo(Spinibarbus sinensis) juveniles,the 10 Chinese bream composed of 10B group,5 Chinese bream and 5 qingbo composed of 5B5Q group,and 10 qingbo composed of 10Q group in the shoal cohesion,shoal distribution,shoal movement characteristics and other shoal behavior parameters were compared and analyzed.The results show that:1) there was no statistical significance in the effects of shoal composition on shoal cohesion,distribution density of maze arm and maze center,grouping frequency and duration,whereas the percent time in group of 10B was significantly lower than those of 5B5Q and 10Q(p<0.05).2) There was no statistical difference in the group moving frequency among three shoals,whereas frequency of achieved group movement of 10B were significantly lower than that of 10Q(p<0.05).3) In the heterospecific shoals,the proportion of qingbo as the leader was higher significantly than that of Chinese bream in all group movements and all achieved group movements(p < 0.05),whereas there was no significant difference between the two species as the leader in the failed group movements.These results suggest that qingbo shoals are easier to fulfill group decision making behavior successfully than Chinese bream shoals,and have more leadership ability than Chinese bream,which may be related to the stronger swimming capacity and bolder and more explorative of qingbo than Cinese bream.

关 键 词：鳊 中华倒刺鲃 群体决策 异种鱼群 集群行为 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]