作为实践科学的政治学及其理论特性  

On Politics as a Practical science and Its Theoretical Characteristics

作　　者：唐士其[1] Tang Shiqi

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,北京市100871

出　　处：《政治学研究》2023年第6期103-116,M0006,共15页CASS Journal of Political Science

摘　　要：政治学作为一门实践科学,一方面需要追求知识的一般性和普遍性,另一方面又表现出不同于自然科学的一些基本特征,包括研究对象的实践性和研究方法的比较性质、研究问题的特殊性、研究发现中包含的可能性,以及对价值问题的特别关注等。总的来说,必然性和可能性是政治科学中同时兼具的两个基本面向,价值则是连接两者的桥梁。当可能成为现实,一种新的实践就由以产生。如何平衡必然与可能的关系,是中国政治学未来发展中需要重点关注的基本问题。This paper holds that politics,as a practical science,while pursuing generality and universality of knowledge,shows some characteristics quite different from natural science,including the practicality of its research objects,the comparative nature of its methods,the particularity of its research problems,the possibility contained in its research findings,and its special attention to value issues.In general,necessity and possibility are the two basic dimensions of politics,and values are the bridge connecting them.When the possibility changes into reality,a new practice arises.How to balance the relationship between the necessary and the possible is a fundamental problem that needs special concern in the future development of Chinese politics.

关 键 词：政治科学 实践性 可能性 价值 事实 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学]