滇龙胆的本草考证  

Herbal Textual Research of Gentiana rigescens Franch

作　　者：杨雁[1] 金航[1] 杨斌[1] 王馨[1] 马维思[1] 金鹏程 李林玉[1] YANG Yan;JIN Hang;YANG Bin;WANG Xing;MA Weisi;JIN Pengcheng;LI Lingyu(Medicine Plants Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650200

出　　处：《中国民族民间医药》2024年第1期55-61,83,共8页Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy

基　　金：云南省2021生物医药重大专项(202102AA310045);云南省发改委“云岭产业技术领军人才(金航)”培养专项;甘草、黄芩、金荞麦高品质道地药材种植基地建设及扶贫示范(2017YF1701406)。

摘　　要：目的:研究历代典籍对滇龙胆的文献记载,对滇龙胆进行本草考证,以期为滇龙胆的开发利用提供参考。方法:通过查阅历代本草典籍,结合现代研究文献,对滇龙胆的名称、基原、产地变迁、采收加工以及品质评价进行系统的梳理、考证。结果:经考证,滇龙胆始载于《滇南本草》,别名坚龙胆、龙胆草、苦草等,为龙胆科龙胆属植物,基原植物为滇龙胆,是《中华人民共和国药典》龙胆药材的基原植物之一;主产于云南,临沧是其道地产区;滇龙胆一般于秋冬两季采收;加工多以产地初加工为主,即将滇龙胆清洗后阴干或晒干;历代本草典籍中对其质量评价的记载非常少,以“形如枯骨”“根肥长”“脂润”“味苦”“粘牙”作为质量好坏的评价标准,现代主要以龙胆苦苷含量作为龙胆药材质量评价的主要手段之一,辅助以外观性状等的观测。结论:考证结果将为今后滇龙胆的开发利用提供参考。Objective In order to provide reference for the development and utilization of Gentiana rigescens Franch.,study the literature records of Gentiana rigescens Franch.in ancient books and conducts textual research.Method Byconsulting ancient herbal medicines,medical and prescription books,combined with modern documents,the textual of Gentiana rigescens Franch.has been conducted to verify name,origin,changes in production areas,harvesting,and processing methods,quality evaluation,so as to provide reference and basis for the development and utilization of the famous classical formulas.Results After textual research,Gentiana rigescens Franch.was first published in the Diannan materia medica,which belongs to GentianaceaeGentiana.andis the basic source plant of Gentiana contained in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China.Gentiana rigescens Franch.is mainly produced in Yunnan.Yunnan Lincang is the Daodi area of Gentiana rigescens Franch.Gentiana rigescens Franch.is generally harvested in spring and autumn.The processing is mainly based on the initial processing at the origin,that is,dried in the shade or dried after cleaning.There were very few records on its quality evaluation in the ancient books of Materia Medica,which took“shape as dry bone”,“long fat root”“fat run”“bitter taste”and“sticky teeth”as the evaluation criteria for quality.In modern times,gentiopicroside content is mainly used as one of the main means of quality evaluation of Gentiana rigescens Franch.,supplemented by observation of appearance characteristics.Conclusion The research results will provide reference for the development and utilization of Gentiana rigescens Franch..

关 键 词：滇龙胆 本草考证 名称 基原 产地 采收加工 品质评价 

分 类 号：R281.3[医药卫生—中药学]