中国公众助贫行为的基本模式、影响因素及参与效应  

The Basic Patterns,Influencing Factorsand Participatory Effect of Chinese Citizens'Poverty-Reducing Behavior

作　　者：易申波[1] 聂平平 YI Shen-Bo;NIE Ping-Ping

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学文法学院,江西南昌330063 [2]南京大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《党政研究》2024年第1期111-123,M0007,共14页Studies on Party and Government

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“精准扶贫中的公共参与问题研究”(18YJC810011);江西省高校人文社会科学研究青年项目“新时代我国农村基层民主建设的实现机制研究”(ZZ18201)。

摘　　要：当代中国贫困治理的成功不仅源自强大的国家治理能力和国家行动,也离不开社会公众的广泛参与,而形式多样的助贫行为正是普通公众参与贫困治理的主要方式。基于2132份问卷调查数据,本文以实证方式对中国公众参与助贫行为的基本模式、影响因素和参与效应进行了系统分析。在基本模式方面,公众主要有购物消费、金融借贷、科教文体、捐赠救助、组织化行为等助贫行为模式,且有较高的参与水平,体现了政府、市场和社会三种扶贫机制的作用。在影响因素方面,融合了资源、动员和内在激励的公民志愿模型有较强的解释力,尤其是作为内在激励的重视公共利益和公共参与意识对助贫行为的正向预测作用更强。在参与效应方面,公众助贫行为对治贫绩效评价和制度认同具有正向预测作用;同时,腐败历闻对两者具有负向预测作用。培育积极公民,开放公众参与,同时严厉打击腐败,这不仅是中国贫困治理过往成功经验的总结与验证,更可供中国式现代化新征程中顺利推进国家治理各项事业借鉴与参考。The success of poverty governance in contemporary China is attributed not only to the robust governance capacity and actions of the state but also to the extensive participation of the public.Various forms of poverty-reducing behaviors are a primary means for the general public to participate in poverty governance.Based on survey data from 2132 questionnaires,this paper systematically analyzes the basic patterns,influencing factors,and effects of public participation in poverty alleviation in China.In terms of basic patterns,the public can participate in poverty reduction through major means such as shopping&consumption,financial borrowing,education&scientific engagement,and donation&assistance,as well as organized action.The level of participation in these actions is relatively high,reflecting the functions of the government,the market,and volunteer mechanisms.Regarding influencing factors,the Civic Voluntarism Model(CVM),which integrates resources,external mobilization,and internal motivation,has a strong explanatory power.Particularly,emphasizing public interests and actively participating in public affairs have stronger positive predictive effects on poverty-reducing behavior.Concerning participatory effects,poverty-reducing behavior positively predicts poverty alleviation performance evaluation and institutional identification;simultaneously,the experience of corruption negatively predicts both.Cultivating active citizens,fostering public participation,and combating corruption not only summarize and verify China's successful experience in poverty governance but also serve as a reference for smoothly promoting various undertakings of national governance in China's modernization journey toward shared prosperity.

关 键 词：贫困治理 助贫行为 公众参与 参与效应 

分 类 号：D632.1[政治法律—政治学]