延安时期中共与外国记者交往活动的阶段、机制与观念研究  

Stages,Mechanisms,and Ideas of the Communist Party of China's Communication Activities with Foreign Correspondents in the Yan'an Period

作　　者：涂凌波[1,2] 张天放 Tu Lingbo;Zhang Tianfang

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学电视学院 [2]中国传媒大学中国特色新闻传播学研究中心

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2023年第12期104-120,128,共18页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“中国式现代化道路与新闻传播学自主知识体系建构研究”(项目编号:2023JZDZ032)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：延安时期,不少外国记者访问延安,他们将中国共产党的真实情况和政策主张传播到国内外。基于历史文献,论文系统考察延安时期中共与外国记者的交往活动,研究这一时期中共如何建立对外交往工作机制,如何有效开展对外(国际)传播工作、影响国内外舆论。在内外部因素作用下,中共在延安初期就注重与外国记者建立联系,进而有组织地接待并安排外国记者访问延安,向国内外传播中国共产党和中国革命的“声音”。考证发现,1935-1948年间至少有44位外国记者进入延安从事采访报道活动,记者的国籍、身份和政治立场有所差异,但总体来看,这些外国记者基于在延安的采访,通过新闻报道、著作、影像等作品,在延安与世界之间搭建了“桥梁”。延安时期,中共从零散的、非组织化的对外交往,到逐步建立起对外交往工作的专门机构,开展常规化、制度化的交往活动,形成了对外交往和对外传播的核心观念——“宣传出去”与“争取过来”。这一历史经验为当今我国国际传播能力建设提供了一定的参照。During the Yan'an period,numerous foreign correspondents visited Yan'an.They then reported the actual conditions and policies of the Communist Party of China(CPC)to both domestic and international audiences.Drawing on historical literature,this paper systematically investigates the CPC's working mechanism and ideas for international communication with foreign correspondents.The Party organized and received their visits to Yan'an to publicize the voice of the CPC and Chinese revolution to the world.Through textual research,we have identified that a minimum of 44 correspondents entered Yan'an between 1935 and 1948.Despite differences in nationality,identity,and political stance,these foreign correspondents constructed a"bridge"between Yan'an and the world through news reports,books,and images.The Yan'an period witnessed the establishment of specific institutions for international communication and the core principle of""to publicize and win over."The historical experience provides valuable references for building contemporary China's international communication capacity.

关 键 词：延安时期 外国记者 交往活动 对外传播 交往观念 

分 类 号：G214.2[文化科学—新闻学] D829[政治法律—政治学] D231[政治法律—外交学]