复合材料在地铁列车吸能防爬装置上的应用  

Application of Composite Material in the Energy Absorbing and Anti-climbing Device of Metro Train

作　　者：何佳捷 由天宇 HE Jiajie;YOU Tianyu(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第1期99-104,共6页Rolling Stock

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFE0204900-02)。

摘　　要：标准化地铁列车前端配备吸能防爬装置可以吸收列车撞击过程的能量,缓解列车受到的冲击影响,其主要由防爬齿、导向管以及吸能原件组成,防爬齿、导向管通常采用铝合金材料,而吸能原件采用铝蜂窝结构。出于轻量化的目的,文章设计了复合材料结合铝蜂窝的新型吸能防爬装置,给出了4种结构方案。采用有限元计算的方式对其进行了强度校核及吸能计算,结果表明,所设计的复合材料吸能防爬装置满足强度要求,将其与铝合金吸能防爬装置的吸能特性进行比较,发现复合材料吸能装置的比吸能明显增加,在载荷-位移曲线的蜂窝密实化截断位移处,复合材料吸能防爬装置的比吸能是铝合金材质的3.26倍,满足吸能装置的使用需求以及地铁列车轻量化的需求。The energy absorbing and anti-climbing device mounted on the front end of standardized metro train can absorb the energy generated during collision of the train and alleviate the impact on the train.It’s mainly composed of impingement surface,guiding device and energy absorbing element.The impingement surface and the guiding device are normally made of aluminum alloy,while the energy absorbing element is in aluminum honeycomb structure.For the purpose of light weight,this article designs a new type of energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of composite material combined with aluminum honeycomb structure and proposes four structural schemes.The finite element calculation is used to check the strength and calculate the energy absorption.The result shows that the designed energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of composite material can meet the strength requirement.By comparing its energy absorption property with that of the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of aluminum alloy,it turns out that the energy absorbing device of composite material has obviously higher specific energy absorption,and at the honeycomb densification and cutoff displacement point of the load-displacement curve,the specific energy absorption of the energy absorbing and anti-climbing device of composite material is 3.26 times that of the aluminum alloy material,which can meet the use demand of energy absorbing devices and the light weight requirement of metro trains.

关 键 词：标准化地铁 复合材料 碰撞防护 蜂窝结构 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]