论法律自公布之日起施行的含义  

On the Meaning of the Clause that"This Law Comes into Force Since its Promulgation"

作　　者：江辉 JIANG Hui

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2024年第1期44-54,共11页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究特别委托项目“香港特别行政区法院涉香港国安法判例问题研究”(项目批准号:JBF202212)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自公布之日起施行,是我国法律中十分常见的条文。通常理解为法律自公开之日起,法律开始生效,人们应当遵守、适用和执行该法律。但是,公布没有公开的含义和功能,仅指国家主席签署主席令。我国历史上存在法律未公开即施行的先例。自公布之日起施行的准确含义,是指自国家主席签署完毕主席令之时起,法律规定的国家机构可以将该法律适用于国家主席签署之后发生的事,并相应决定社会公众应自签署完毕时遵守该法律。国家主席签署主席令与法律文本刊载公开之间存在时间差,由此出现未公开即施行。通过厘清法不溯及既往原则的起算基准时为法律的公开而不是法律的生效,可以防止未公开即施行可能给社会公众带来的不合理结果。The clause that“this law comes into force since its promulgation”is very common in our statutes book.It is generally interpreted as the law takes effect from the date of publication and since the date of publication,the law shall be followed,applied and enforced.However,the promulgation does not mean publication and only refers to the signing of the presidential order to promulgate the law by the president.There are precedents in the history of our country that laws were enforced before they were published.The precise meaning of this clause is that,from the very time when the president signs the presidential order,the state agencies and officials stipulated by the law can apply the law to the events and actions that occur after the signing.As a result,the public shall comply with the law since its promulgation.There is a time lag between the signing of the presidential order and the publication of the text of the law.As such,the law may be enforced before its publication.By clarifying that the starting point for the principle of non-retroactivity of the law is the publication of the law rather than the time when the law comes into force,any unfair results resulting from the fact that a law comes into force before its publication can be prevented.

关 键 词：公布 公开 施行 生效 法不溯及既往 

分 类 号：D921.9[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]