丽水地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原sIgE抗体检测分析  

Detection of sIgE antibodies to allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Lishui area

作　　者：涂晓波[1] 裴立红[1] 黄桂英[1] TU Xiaobo;PEI Lihong;HUANG Guiying(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水市中心医院检验科,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《临床检验杂志》2024年第1期27-31,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science

摘　　要：目的探讨丽水地区变应性鼻炎(AR)患者吸入性变应原及食入性变应原谱的分布特征,为临床诊疗和预防提供依据。方法收集2020年1月至2022年12月在丽水市中心医院耳鼻咽喉门诊就诊的1610例疑似AR患者的血清变应原sIgE抗体检测资料,并进一步分析AR患者各类变应原谱的分布特征。结果共计1020例患者诊断为AR,血清变应原阳性率为63.35%。其中男性AR患者阳性率(66.59%)高于女性(59.48%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。丽水地区AR患者中主要的变应原是户尘螨,吸入性变应原前5位分别为户尘螨(77.94%)、混合霉菌(10.20%)、猫毛皮屑(9.22%)、树木花粉(5.88%)、狗毛皮屑(3.43%);食入性变应原前5位分别为牛奶(23.33%)、蟹(7.75%)、腰果(6.67%)、虾(4.41%)、鸡蛋白(3.33%)。在食入性变应原中,牛奶、蟹、虾的阳性率在男性中显著高于女性,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。按年龄分组比较,吸入性变应原中的户尘螨、桑树、蟑螂、树木花粉、草木花粉阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);食入性变应原中的鸡蛋白、牛奶、蟹、苋阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。吸入性变应原中的户尘螨、桑树、混合霉菌、树木花粉、草木花粉阳性率存在季节差异(P均<0.05)。结论丽水地区AR患者的致敏变应原具有多样性和复杂性,且受到性别、年龄和季节等因素的影响。Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of inhalant and ingestive allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)in Lishui area,and then provide evidences for the clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention of AR.Methods The detection data of serum sIgE antibodies to allergens from 1610 patients with suspected AR visited the Department of Otolaryngology of Lishui Central Hospital during January 2020 and December 2022 were collected,and the distribution characteristics of various allergen spectra in AR patients were further analyzed.Results A total of 1020 patients were diagnosed with AR and the positive rate of serum sIgE antibodies to allergens was 63.35%.The positive rate(66.59%)in male AR patients was significantly higher than that in females(59.48%,P<0.01).The main allergen among AR patients in Lishui area was house dust mite.The top five inhalant allergens were house dust mite(77.94%),mixed mold(10.20%),cat dander(9.22%),tree pollen(5.88%),and dog dander(3.43%).The top five ingestive allergens were milk(23.33%),crab(7.75%),cashew nut(6.67%),shrimp(4.41%),and egg protein(3.33%).The positive rates of serum sIgE antibodies to milk,crab,and shrimp in males were significantly higher than that in females(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the positive rates of serum sIgE antibodies to house dust mite,mulberry tree,cockroach,tree pollen,and grass pollen among different age groups(P<0.05).The positive rates of serum sIgE antibodies to egg protein,milk,crab,and amaranth were significantly different(P<0.05).There were seasonal differences in the positive rates of serum sIgE antibodies to house dust mite,mulberry,mixed mold,tree pollen,and grass pollen(P<0.05).Conclusion The allergens of AR patients in Lishui area are diverse and complex,and are affected by factors such as gender,age and season.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 特异性免疫球蛋白E 食入性变应原 吸入性变应原 

分 类 号：R392.8[医药卫生—免疫学]