皖江城市带近20年土地利用变化及其生态环境效应  

A study on land use change and its eco-environmental effect in Wanjiang Urban Belt in recent 20 years

作　　者：周振宏[1] 周敏[1] 刘东义 胡琦 汤伟宏 王诗琪 ZHOU Zhenhong;ZHOU Min;LIU Dongyi;HUQi;TANG Weihong;WANG Shiqi(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,230036,Hefei,Anhui,PRC)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽省合肥市230036

出　　处：《曲阜师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期112-118,共7页Journal of Qufu Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301650)。

摘　　要：分析区域土地利用变化及其对生态环境的影响,能为区域土地利用结构优化及生态环境保护提供理论依据.以皖江城市带为例,基于2000年、2010年、2020年土地利用数据集,运用土地利用转移矩阵模型,分析了该地区土地利用时空变化特征;同时结合生态环境质量指数、网格单元分析方法及土地利用转型的生态贡献率,探究了土地利用变化的生态环境效应.结果表明:(1)皖江城市带土地利用转移主要为耕地和森林之间的相互转移,以及人造地表对耕地的侵占;(2)皖江城市带森林的生态价值重要性最大,最高达到55.29%,人造地表用地的变动对该区域的生态影响较大,生态价值贡献率为28.20%;(3)皖江城市带生态环境质量指数稳定且有下降趋势,区域生态环境质量指数呈现“南高北低”的空间格局;(4)耕地向森林及草地的转换是导致生态环境改善的主要原因,森林转向耕地及耕地转向人造地表是导致生态环境恶化的主要原因.The analysis of regional land use change and its influence on ecological environment can provide theoretical basis for regional land use structure optimization and ecological environment protection.Taking Wanjiang Urban Belt as an example,based on the land use data sets of 2000,2010 and 2020,the land use transfer matrix model was used to analyze the spatial-temporal change characteristics of land use in this area.At the same time,the ecological and environmental effects of land use change were explored by combining ecological environment quality index,grid cell analysis method and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation.The results show that:(1)The transfer of land use in Wanjiang Urban Belt was mainly the mutual transfer between cultivated land and forest,with the transfer area of 1491.86 km~2 and 1589.20 km~2,respectively,and the occupation of man-made land surface,with a total of 2650.33 km~2 transferred.(2)The ecological value of forest in Wanjiang City Belt is the most important,with the highest value of 55.29%.The change of man-made land has a great impact on the ecological value of this area,and the contribution rate of ecological value is 28.20%.(3)The eco-environmental quality index of Wanjiang City Belt was stable at 0.4299~0.4360,showing a downward trend,and the regional eco-environmental quality index showed a spatial pattern of“higher in the south and lower in the north”.(4)The conversion of cultivated land to forest and grassland is the main reason for the improvement of ecological environment.The conversion of forest to cultivated land and cultivated land to artificial surface are the main reasons for the deterioration of ecological environment.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 生态环境效应 区域生态环境质量指数 皖江城市带 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]