社会主义是新型的社会经济形态——新时代统一战线的坚实根基  

Socialism,a New Type of Socio-Economic Form:The Solid Foundation of the United Front intheNewEra

作　　者：姜义华[1] JIANG Yihua(Department of History,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200433

出　　处：《上海市社会主义学院学报》2024年第1期13-24,共12页Journal of Shanghai Institute of Socialism

摘　　要：对于各种非公有制经济人士、新的社会阶层人士,解决好人心和力量问题,需要正确认识究竟什么是社会主义,什么是社会主义基本经济制度,这是新时代能否巩固地建立和健康地发展统一战线的关键。俄国十月革命爆发后,列宁的新经济政策是对什么是社会主义所作的一种全新的解释。列宁去世后不久,公有制、计划经济、按劳分配,被确定为判断是否为社会主义的三大标准,形成了斯大林模式的社会主义。以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人,根据中国实际,创立了新民主主义革命理论。随后受国际共产主义运动的影响,很快确认了俄国战时共产主义时期的社会主义的合理性、权威性。基于对苏联社会主义模式和中国社会主义成功经验与挫折教训深刻的历史总结,中国共产党和中国人民走上了改革开放之路。从社会主义初级阶段理论、中国特色社会主义理论,到社会主义基本经济制度论,从“社会主义初级阶段的一项基本经济制度”到“中国特色社会主义制度”,再到“社会主义基本经济制度”,反映了我们对社会主义本质特征的认识在一步步深化,也一步步增强了自信。新时代统一战线坚如磐石的基础,就在于社会主义这一社会经济形态、社会形态。For members of various non-public economies and members of the new social strata,solving the problem of people's hearts,minds and strength requires a correct understanding of what socialism is and what the basic socialist economic system is,which is the key to the consolidation of the united front and the healthy development of the united front in the new era.After the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia,Lenin's New Economic Policy was a completely new interpretation of what socialism was.Shortly after Lenin's passing away,public ownership,a planned economy,and distribution according to work,were identified as the three main criteria for determining whether or not it was socialism,resulting in the Stalinist model of socialism.The Chinese Communists,represented by Mao Zedong,founded the theory of the New Democratic Revolution in accordance with Chinese reality.The subsequent influence of the international communist movement soon confirmed the legitimacy and authority of socialism in Russia during the period of wartime communism.Based on a profound historical summary of the lessons learned from the successes and setbacks of the Soviet socialist model and Chinese socialism,the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people embarked on the road of reform and opening-up.From the theory of the primary stage of socialism,the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics,to the theory of the basic economic system of socialism,and from"a basic economic system at the primary stage of socialism"to"a system of socialism with Chinese characteristics"to"a basic economic system of socialism",this process reflects a deepening of our understanding of the essential characteristics of socialism and an increase in our self-confidence step by step.The rocksolid foundation of the united front in the new era lies in socialism as a socio-economic and social form.

关 键 词：社会主义 经济形态 统一战线 

分 类 号：D613[政治法律—政治学]