盐碱地肥沃耕层构建水肥盐综合调控机理与技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Mechanism and Technology of Integrated Regulating on Soil Water,Salt and Fertility under Fertile Plough Layers Construction in Saline-Alkali Soils

作　　者：郭凯[1,2] 封晓辉 伍靖伟[3] 陈小兵[4] 巨兆强[1] 孙宏勇[1,2] 刘小京[1,2] GUO Kai;FENG Xiaohui;WU Jingwei;CHEN Xiaobing;JU Zhaoqiang;SUN Hongyong;LIU Xiaojing(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai,)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心/中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室/河北省土壤生态学重点实验室,石家庄050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [4]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第1期29-38,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1900103、2021YFD1900904);中国科学院盐碱地资源高效利用工程实验室(KFJ-PTXM-017)资助。

摘　　要：盐碱地是我国重要的后备耕地资源,我国历来高度重视盐碱地的改良和利用工作,但目前盐碱区淡水资源短缺严重制约了盐碱地的改良利用。如何在水资源约束下,优化调控土壤水肥盐动态是当前盐碱地可持续利用中亟待解决的关键科学问题。近年来,大量研究利用有机培肥、耕作、节水灌溉、田间覆盖、咸水利用等农艺措施,在盐碱地建立“控盐、保肥、保水”的肥沃耕作层,显著改变了水肥盐在土壤-植物-大气连续体中的运移过程,实现了盐碱地质量和产能快速提升,上述内容也日益成为盐碱地改良利用中的重要研究方向。本文系统总结了盐碱地改良和肥沃耕层构建等方面的研究进展,并针对盐碱地肥沃耕层构建下土壤水肥盐综合调控及其与植物生长的协同关系等进行了展望,以期为盐碱地可持续改良利用提供参考。Saline-alkali land is one of major medium-low yield land in China,it is increasingly important to improve the saline-alkali land in compensating decreasing cultivated land and ensuring the security of crop productivity.In China,the reclamation of saline-alkali land has always been paid great attention,while the increasing fresh water scarcity in saline-alkali area has become the crucial constrain in saline-alkali land utilization.In the current situation,how to optimally regulate the movements of soil water,fertilizer and salt is the key scientific problem in sustainable utilization of saline-alkali land.Focusing on above scientific problems,numerous studies of fertile plough layer construction have been conducted in recent years to decrease soil salinity and increase the soil quality including organic fertilization,field tillage,water-saving irrigation,field coverage and saline water utilization etc.,the fertile plough layer with the function of“salt controling,fertilizer maintaining and water conservation”can be constructed in saline-alkali land.Meanwhile and natural movements of water,salt and fertilizer are significantly alerted in Soil Plant Atmosphere Continuum,and the aim of improving both the quality and capacity for saline alkali land can be realized.The above contents have increasingly become an important research direction in the sustainable utilization of saline-alkali land.The present study systematically summarizes the research progresses in the reclamation and fertile plough layer construction of saline-alkali land,and looks forward to the integrate regulation of soil water,fertilizer and salt and its synergistic relationship with plant growth under fertile plough layer construction in saline alkali land,in order to provide reference for the sustainable reclamation and utilization of saline-alkali land.

关 键 词：盐碱地 肥沃耕层构建 水肥盐调控 水土资源利用 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]