新气候态下广东省高温特征及影响  

Analysis of the Characteristics and Impacts of High Temperatures in Guangdong Province under the New Climate State

作　　者：王娟怀[1] 胡娅敏[1] 李芷卉 段海来[1] 郑璟[1] WANG Juan-huai;HU Ya-min;LI Zhi-hui;DUAN Hai-lai;ZHENG Jing(Climate Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省气候中心,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东气象》2024年第1期5-8,共4页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题(XDA23090102);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(GRMC2021M13)。

摘　　要：基于1951-2021年广东省86个国家站的逐日高温资料,采用常规时序、空间统计等方法对新气候态下广东省高温的时空特征进行分析,结果表明:广东省年高温日数1951-2021年呈显著增加趋势,尤其进入21世纪以来高温日数增加趋势明显;高温天气主要发生在6-9月,集中在7-8月,其中也包括各地极端最高气温。广东省年平均高温日数呈南低、北高的空间分布,并存在3个高值中心;极端最高气温从西北向沿海递减。高温天气对生产生活将产生诸多不利影响,如气象敏感性疾病高发,火灾风险加大,农作物产量、质量降低,能源供应压力和用电负荷增加,道路交通事故频发等。Based on the daily high-temperature data from 86 national meteorological stations in Guang-dong from 1951 to 2021 and with the methods of conventional temporal sequences and spatial statistics,this work analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of high temperatures in the province under the new climate state.The results are shown as follows.For the years studied,the numbers of high-temperature days across the province show a significantly increasing trend,particularly so when it comes to the 2000s.The weather of high temperatures and local extremely high temperatures mainly take place from June to September,with the peak in July to August.Annual mean numbers of high-temperature days are larger in the north than in the south of the province,with three high-value centers.Extremely high temperatures decrease in gradient from the northwest to the coastal area.The weather of high temperatures poses much adverse impacts on the economy and everyday life,such as frequent occurrence of weather-sensitive diseases,increased fire risks,reduced crop yield and quality,increased demand for power supply and load,and frequent road accidents.

关 键 词：气候学 高温 气候态 广东省 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]