铬氧化物材料在锂电池中的应用与研究进展  

Application and research progress of chromium oxide materials in lithium batteries

作　　者：张遥[1] 张泽峰 张洋 乔学荣[1] 康洪波 ZHANG Yao;ZHANG Zefeng;ZHANG Yang;QIAO Xuerong;KANG Hongbo(Tianjin Institute of Power Sources,Tianjin 300384,China;Yantai Research Institute,Harbin Engineering University,Yantai Shandong 265502,China;School of Information Engineering,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所,天津300384 [2]哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院,山东烟台265502 [3]河北建筑工程学院信息工程学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《电源技术》2024年第2期187-197,共11页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：铬氧化物既能够作为正极材料,也可作为负极材料应用于锂离子电池中。多电子反应的铬氧化物作为正极材料时具有较高的理论质量比容量和工作电压,其中Cr_(8)O_(21)和Cr_(2)O_(5)是当前研究中关注度最高的多电子反应的铬氧化物,也是非常有前景的锂电池正极材料。铬氧化物中能够用作锂电池负极材料的主要是Cr_(2)O_(3),它不仅有较大的理论比容量,又有较低的放电平台,成本也相对较低。介绍了Cr_(8)O_(21)和Cr_(2)O_(5)正极材料的最新研究成果,并介绍了放电机理、制备方法、改性手段及应用,同时,比较分析了不同制备工艺下制得的样品结晶度、形貌和电化学性能。负极方面介绍了Cr_(2)O_(3)的电化学特性及其在电池方面的应用,综述了一些改性方法以解决材料的导电性和循环性能问题,如包覆、掺杂、纳米结构化等,这些研究成果为未来锂离子电池负极材料的选择提供了新的研究方向。The chromium oxide can be used both as cathode materials and anode materials in lithiumion battery systems.As cathode materials,the chromium oxide with multi-electron reaction has high theoretical mass specific capacity and high working voltage.Among them,Cr_(8)O_(21)and Cr_(2)O_(5)are the chromium oxides with multi-electron reaction that have attracted the most attention in current research.In addition,Cr_(2)O_(3)is mainly used as a lithium battery anode material among the chromium oxides,it has larger theoretical specific capacity and lower discharge platform,and its cost is relatively low.The latest research progress of Cr_(8)O_(21)and Cr_(2)O_(5)cathode materials was introduced,and the discharge mechanism,preparation method,modification method and application was introduced.At the same time,the crystallinity,morphology and electrochemical properties of the samples prepared under different preparation processes were compared and analyzed.The electrochemical characteristics of Cr_(2)O_(3)and its application in batteries were introduced.Some modification methods were summarized to solve the problems of conductivity and cycle performance of materials,such as coating,doping,and nanostructure.These research results provide a new research direction for the selection of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries in the future.

关 键 词：铬基氧化物材料 正极 负极 改性方法 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]