美国学术能力评估测试的存废之争及其启示  

Reflections on the Dispute over the Retention or Abolition of the SAT in USA

作　　者：赵俊芳[1] 李露[1] ZHAO Jun-fang;LI Lu(Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2024年第1期83-88,共6页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“东亚高等教育卓越计划及其制度比较研究”(编号:14YJA880101);吉林大学校本专题研究项目“‘双一流’建设背景下发挥院系基层组织办学主体地位研究”(编号:2022XB05)。

摘　　要：鉴于“肯定性行动”取消导致弱势群体录取比例下降、学术能力评估测试筛选功能需求降低以及高等教育机构利益受到影响,美国众多院校不再强制要求学生提交标准化考试成绩。这一招生政策的调整引发学界和社会的广泛关注,美国学术能力评估测试存废问题成为争论焦点。持否定观点者质疑SAT的公平性和有效性,认为标准化考试成绩和考生的社会经济地位有着显著的相关性等;持肯定观点者认为,SAT成绩是美国绝大部分高校开展招生录取工作的重要依据,在维护弱势群体利益等方面发挥了重要作用。在回顾美国SAT存废之争的基础上,客观分析这一论争的深层原因,为我国高考改革提供一些启示。In light of the declining proportion of disadvantaged groups admitted to American colleges and universities,reduced de-mand for the screening function of SAT,and itseffect on the interests of some higher education institutions,many colleges and universi-ties no longer require students to submit standardized test scores.The adjustment of the admission policy has aroused extensive attention among the academic circles and the public.At the same time,the retention or abolition of the SAT has become a topic of much debate.Opponents question the fairness and validityof the standardized test,arguing that standardized test scores are significantly correlated with candidates'socioeconomic status.However,supporters maintain that SAT scores are crucial for admissions in most colleges and universities.They believe that the SAT has played a necessary role in safeguarding the interests of disadvantaged students.Based ona review of the dispute over the retention or abolition of the SATin the United States,this studyobjectively analyzes the deep-seated rea-sons for the dispute,so as to provide some inspiration for the reform of China's college entrance examination.

关 键 词：标准化考试 SAT 存废之争 高考改革 

分 类 号：G644.5[文化科学—高等教育学]