激光功率对SLM增材制造316不锈钢组织与性能的影响  

Effect of laser power on microstructure and properties of SLM additive manufactured 316 stainless steel

作　　者：宋涛 李子瑶[1] 彭雅芳 王志武 Song Tao;Li Ziyao;Peng Yafang;Wang Zhiwu(College of Machinery and Automation,Zhixing College of Hubei University,Wuhan Hubei 430011,China;School of Power and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学知行学院机械与自动化学院,湖北武汉430011 [2]武汉大学机械与自动化学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《金属热处理》2024年第1期154-159,共6页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导性项目(B2021409)。

摘　　要：利用不同激光功率的选择性激光熔化(SLM)增材制造技术制备了316不锈钢试样,利用光学显微镜、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、维氏硬度计等分析了试样的晶体学特征和硬度。结果表明,随着激光功率的降低,试样析出相数量呈下降趋势,但输入能量低,熔池冷却速率高,枝晶的临界形核半径小,凝固时的形核率及形核数量高,有利于晶粒细化和等轴晶的生成,表现出高硬度。高激光功率下试样表现出高取向度的纤维织构,而低功率下表现出低取向度的立方织构。激光功率为320 W时,试样的主要织构为{110}<110>和{112}<111>;激光功率为290 W时,试样的主要织构为{112}<110>和{112}<111>;激光功率为260 W时,试样的主要织构为{001}<110>。Specimens of 316 stainless steel were prepared by selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology under different laser powers.The crystallographic characteristics and hardness of the steel specimens were analyzed by means of OM,EBSD and Vickers hardness tester.The results show that with the decrease of laser power,the amount of precipitated phase decreases,but the input energy during manufacturing is low,the cooling rate of molten pool is high,the critical nucleation radius of dendrite is small,the nucleation rate and the number of nucleation are high during solidification,which is conducive to the grain refinement and the formation of equiaxial crystal,showing a high hardness value.The steel shows fiber texture with high degree of orientation under high laser power,while cube texture with low degree of orientation under low laser power.The main texture of the steel under laser power of 320 W is{110}<110>and{112}<111>,that under laser power of 290 W is{112}<110>and{112}<111>,and that under laser power of 260 W is{001}<110>.

关 键 词：增材制造 316不锈钢 激光功率 EBSD 

分 类 号：TG249[金属学及工艺—铸造]