电爆法制备石墨烯及其铜基复合涂层的性能研究  

Preparation of Graphene and its Copper-based Composite Coating by Electrical Explosion Method

作　　者：孙鹏 朱亮[1] 靳鹏程 张爱华[2] 王旭东 周辉 郭宁 SUN Peng;ZHU Liang;JIN Pengcheng;ZHANG Aihua;WANG Xudong;ZHOU Hui;GUO Ning(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Electrical Information Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;School of Materials Engineering,Lanzhou Institute of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [3]兰州工业学院材料工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《电焊机》2024年第2期17-23,共7页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51765038);甘肃省2022年度优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2022CXZX-395)。

摘　　要：石墨烯与金属粉末混合后容易团聚,不能有效均匀分散,无法充分发挥其优异特性。为解决石墨烯在复合材料中的团聚问题,采用自主研制的电爆设备制备了石墨烯气溶胶,将其与铜粉混合得到石墨烯/铜复合粉体,并制备出石墨烯/铜复合涂层。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对石墨烯气溶胶及复合材料进行表征分析,并测试涂层的硬度和耐磨性。结果表明,电爆法制备的石墨烯主要为小片径石墨烯,片径尺寸为5~40 nm,层数为3~7层。在浓度0.875 mg/L的石墨烯气溶胶中,衬底放置时间少于10 min时,单个的小片径石墨烯片碰撞吸附在衬底上,未发现凝并后的石墨烯气溶胶凝胶;衬底放置时间超过10 min后,许多小片径石墨烯堆叠在一起,形成石墨烯气溶胶凝胶,且衬底放置时间越长,凝并越严重,石墨烯气溶胶凝胶团也在不断长大。石墨烯/铜复合粉体中小片径石墨烯均匀吸附在铜粉表面,制备出的复合涂层其表面C元素分布均匀,有效解决了团聚问题。0.5 wt.%石墨烯/铜涂层平均硬度为74.8 HV0.05、摩擦系数为0.18,与纯铜涂层相比均有不同程度的提升。结果表明,电爆法制备的石墨烯气溶胶可用于制备石墨烯/铜复合涂层,提高涂层的硬度和耐磨性。该方法有望为制备高性能石墨烯/金属复合材料提供新的途径。Graphene tends to agglomerate when mixed with metal powders and cannot be dispersed effectively and evenly,which prevents its excellent properties from being fully utilized.In order to solve the agglomeration problem of graphene in composite materials,this paper uses self-developed electrodetonation equipment to prepare graphene aerosol,mixes it with copper powder to get graphene/copper composite powder,and prepares composite coating.The graphene aerosols and composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM),and the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were tested.The results show that the graphene prepared by the electrodeposition method is mainly small-sized graphene with the diameter of 5~40 nm and the number of layers of 3~7.In the graphene aerosol with a concentration of 0.875 mg/L,a single small diameter graphene sheet was adsorbed on the substrate before the substrate was placed for 10 min,but no gel was found after coagulation.After the substrate was placed for 10min,many small pieces of diameter graphene were stacked together to form graphene aerosol gel.Moreover,the longer the substrate was placed,the more severe the coagulation was,and the graphene aerosol gel clusters were growing.Small and medium size graphene of graphene/copper composite powder was uniformly adsorbed on the surface of copper powder.After further preparation of composite coating,it was found that the distribution of C element on the surface was uniform,indicating that the method of mixing graphene aerosol with copper powder can effectively solve the problem of graphene agglomeration in composite materials.The average hardness of 0.5 wt.%graphene/copper coating is 74.8 HV0.05,and the friction coefficient is 0.18,which have different degrees of improvement compared with pure copper coating.The results indicate that graphene aerosols prepared by the electric explosion method can be used to prepare graphene/copper composite coatings,improving t

关 键 词：电爆法 石墨烯气溶胶 石墨烯/铜复合粉体 石墨烯/铜复合涂层 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]