青岛市部分地区128例冬季雪上运动损伤患者的临床特点及处理策略分析  

Clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of 128 cases of injury due to winter snow sports in parts of Qingdao

作　　者：孟飞 张凤香 赵春晓 吕成昱[4] 张海宁[4] 李利昕 Meng Fei;Zhang Fengxiang;Zhao Chunxiao;Lyu Chengyu;Zhang Haining;Li Lixin(Department of Orthopaedics,Qingdao Central Hospital,Qingdao 266042,China;Department of Critical Care Medicine,Qingdao Central Hospital,Qingdao 266042,China;Department of Hand and Foot Surgery,Qingdao Central Hospital,Qingdao 266042,China;Department of Orthopaedics WardⅡ(Joint),Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266555,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市中心医院骨科,青岛266042 [2]青岛市中心医院重症医学科,青岛266042 [3]青岛市中心医院手足(创伤)外科,青岛266042 [4]青岛大学附属医院骨二科病区(关节),青岛266555

出　　处：《中华创伤骨科杂志》2023年第12期1037-1042,共6页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81171774)。

摘　　要：目的总结分析青岛市部分地区冬季雪上运动损伤患者的临床特点及处理策略,以期为"三亿人参与冰雪运动"提供保障。方法回顾性分析2019年11月至2021年3月期间因滑雪运动损伤就诊于青岛市中心医院骨科的128例患者资料,分类统计患者的性别、年龄、损伤类型、损伤部位、致伤原因及治疗方式等。结果128例患者中,男72例,女56例;年龄(32.0±12.1)岁;单发伤占97.66%(125/128),多发伤占2.34%(3/128)。单板滑雪致伤44例(34.38%,44/128)46处(35.11%,46/131),双板滑雪致伤84例(65.62%,84/128)85处(64.89%,85/131)。损伤类型:软组织损伤44例(34.38%,44/128),骨折84例(65.62%,84/128)。受伤部位前3位:小腿(24.43%,32/131)、腕关节周围(18.32%,24/131)、膝关节周围(15.27%,20/131)。单板、双板滑雪最容易受伤部位分别为腕关节(26.09%,12/46)、小腿(31.76%,27/85)。致伤原因前3位:不慎摔倒(39.06%,50/128)、被人撞伤或紧急避险(14.84%,19/128)、装备型号不匹配(12.50%,16/128)。初学滑雪患者占比高达76.56%(98/128)。手术治疗49例(38.28%,49/128),保守治疗79例(61.72%,79/128)。结论青岛市部分地区滑雪运动损伤具有初学者占比高、跌倒致伤占比高、骨折占比高等特点。单板滑雪需注意腕关节的防护,双板滑雪上雪前需特别注意检查滑雪板脱离装置。虽然有不少患者需接受手术治疗,但是严重多发伤少见,大多数患者仅需保守治疗。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and management strategies of the patients who were injured in winter snow sports in parts of Qingdao in order to provide useful information for"300 million people participating in ice and snow sports".Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 128 patients who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedics,Qingdao Central Hospital for skiing injuries from November 2019 to March 2021.The gender,type,location and cause of injury,and treatment method of the patients were statistically analyzed.Results Of the 128 patients,72 were males and 56 females with an age of(32.0±12.1)years.Single injury accounted for 97.66%(125/128)while multiple injuries 2.34%(3/128).46 injuries(35.11%,46/131)due to single board skiing occurred in 44 patients(34.38%,44/128);85 injuries(64.89%,85/131)due to double board skiing occurred in 84 cases(65.62%,84/128).As for injury types,there were 44 cases(34.38%,44/128)of soft tissue injury and 84 fractures(65.62%,84/128).The top 3 injured locations were the lower leg(24.43%,32/131),the peri-wrist part(18.32%,24/131),and the peri-knee part(15.27%,20/131).The most vulnerable location was,respectively,the wrist joint(26.09%,12/46)in single board skiing and the calf(31.76%,27/85)in double board skiing.The top three causes of injury were accidental fall(39.06%,50/128),being struck by someone or emergency evacuation(14.84%,19/128),and mismatched equipment models(12.50%,16/128).The proportion of skiing beginners was as high as 76.56%(98/128).Surgical treatment was performed in 49 cases(38.28%,49/128),and conservative treatment in 79 cases(61.72%,79/128).Conclusions The clinical characteristics of the patients who were injured in winter snow sports in parts of Qingdao are high proportions of skiing beginners,falls and fractures.Special attention needs to be paid to wrist protection in single board skiing and checking the ski disengagement device before double board skiing.Most patients may need only conservative treatment becaus

关 键 词：雪上运动 创伤和损伤 骨折 临床特点 冬季 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]