毛乌素沙地典型人工林土壤水分特征及其对降水的响应  

Soil Moisture Characteristics and Its Response to Precipitation of Typical Plantation in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：白星雯 布日古德 洪光宇[2] 李炜 邵飞舟 张雷[2] BAI Xingwen;BU Rigude;HONG Guangyu;LI Wei;SHAO Feizhou;ZHANG Lei(Academy of Forestry Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,China;Inner Mongolia Forestry Research Institute,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Salawusu National Wetland Park,Uxin banner,Inner Mongolia 017300,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714 [2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古萨拉乌苏国家湿地公园管理局,内蒙古乌审旗017300

出　　处：《林草资源研究》2023年第6期52-60,共9页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960284);“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项专题“鄂尔多斯荒漠化修复机制与高效特色林草产业模式研究”(2022EEDSKJXM003-1-2);横向课题“毛乌素沙地生态指数测试项目”(ESZCWSS-C-F-230044)。

摘　　要：降水格局的波动影响着干旱半干旱区生态系统的稳定性。以毛乌素沙地典型人工林杨柴、沙柳及流动沙丘(对照)为研究对象,通过连续监测降水与土壤含水量变化,分析3种覆被类型10,30,50,70,90,110 cm处土壤水分时空特征及对不同降水量级的响应。结果表明:1)从浅层至深层土壤水分含量流动沙丘呈“S”型变化,杨柴人工林呈“3”型变化,沙柳人工林呈持续增大。2)5—10月植被生长季土壤水分变化,流动沙丘呈波动性变化,杨柴人工林呈“M”型变化,沙柳人工林呈“N”型变化。3)土壤水分对降水响应敏感度流动沙丘>沙柳人工林>杨柴人工林。4)降水量相同时,土壤水分补给对降水的响应具有滞后性,土壤初始含水量及降水强度影响水分入渗深度。结果为干旱半干旱区生态建设过程中降水补给下有效的水资源利用及土壤水分预测提供理论依据。Fluctuations in precipitation patterns affects the ecological stability in arid and semi-arid areas Taking typical Hedysarum laeve plantations,Salix psammophila plantations and moving dunes in Mu Us Sandy land as research objects,through continuous monitoring of precipitation and soil profile water change,the soil moisture change characteristics at 10 cm,30 cm,50 cm,70 cm,90 cm and 110 cm of three kinds of land cover types and their responses to different precipitation magnitude were analyzed.The results showed that:1)The soil moisture content changed from shallow layer to deep layer,the sand dune showed an S-shaped change,the Hedysarum laeve plantation showed a 3-shaped change,and the Salix psammophila plantation showed a continuous increase.2)During the vegetation growing season from May to October,the soil moisture content of the sand dune showed fluctuation,the Hedysarum laeve plantation showed"M"type change,and the Salix psammophila plantation showed"N"type change.3)When precipitation was the same,the response of soil moisture recharge to precipitation was hysteretic,and the initial soil moisture content and precipitation intensity affected the depth of water infiltration.The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization and prediction of water resources in the process of ecological construction in arid and semi-arid regions.

关 键 词：毛乌素沙地 土壤水分 人工灌木林 降水格局 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]