玉米起源新模式——两类大刍草的融合  

A New Model of Maize Origin:Two Teosintes Made Modern Maize

作　　者：郭道宽 谭禄宾[1] GUO Dao-kuan;TAN Lu-bin(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193

出　　处：《玉米科学》2023年第6期7-9,共3页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32125029)。

摘　　要：作物驯化是人类文明发展史中最为重要的事件之一,推动了人类社会从单纯的狩猎和采集型向农业型的转变。玉米(Zea mays L.)作为世界上最重要的农作物之一,其起源演化的机制一直备受关注。2023年12月1日,华中农业大学严建兵团队与其合作团队在Science(《科学》)在线发表研究论文,通过深入解析大量玉米野生种和栽培种材料的基因组变异,重新定义了现代栽培玉米的驯化过程,揭示了6 000年前墨西哥高原亚种(Zea mays subsp.mexicana)基因组的渗入及其优异等位基因的选择,实现了栽培玉米的二次驯化,同时推动了栽培玉米的广泛传播,研究结果为深入阐明作物起源演化这一古老的科学问题提供了重要的线索。Crop domestication is one of the most important events during the development of human civilization,which promoted the transition from a hunter-gatherer society to an agricultural society.Maize(Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops in the world,and the mechanism underlying the origin and evolution of maize(Zea mays L.) have long been a subject of great interest.On December 1,2023,a research paper was published online by the journal Science,jointly authored by the team led by Yan Jian-bing at Huazhong Agricultural University and their collaborators redefined the domestication model of modern cultivated maize by thoroughly analyzing the genomic variations of a vast number of wild and cultivated accessions of maize.They found that the genome introgression from Zea mays subsp.mexicana in the Mexican highlands 6 000 years ago to the early cultivated maize and the selection of useful allelic variations led to the secondary domestication of cultivated maize and its subsequent wide dispersal.These research findings provide crucial clues for a better understanding of the ancient scientific question regarding the origin and evolution of crops.

关 键 词：玉米 起源 基因组渗入 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]