基于十年前后能耗调研的长沙地区既有住宅节能改造策略研究  

Energy Saving Transformation Strategies of Existing Residential Buildings in Changsha Area Based on Energy Consumption Survey before and after Ten Years

作　　者：向俊米 刘宏成[1,2] 闫岩[1,2] XIANG Junmi;LIU Hongcheng;YAN Yan(School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Sciences of Urban and Rural Human Settlements in Hills Areas,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学建筑与规划学院,长沙410082 [2]湖南大学丘陵地区城乡人居环境科学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第1期90-96,共7页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“既有居住建筑宜居改造及功能提升关键技术”子课题“既有居住建筑低能耗改造关键技术研究与示范-03”(2017YFC0702904-03);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30140);湖南创新型省份建设专项资助项目(2020RC4045)。

摘　　要：长沙地区既有住宅节能改造存在居民改造意愿不强、节能改造效果不明显等问题。分别于2008年、2009年和2019年、2020年调研了湖南大学周边近35栋住宅的围护结构、家电情况与400余户居民终端用电量,采用K-means聚类法将总用电量、采暖、制冷、生活用电量分别进行聚类并计算界限值、平均值等参数,进而分析十年前后居民用电量变化规律,提出改善室内热环境与减少制冷能耗为该地区既有住宅节能改造的重要目标。对既有住宅用电量进行宏观情景预测,论证了既有住宅建筑围护结构节能改造的必要性,分析节能改造意愿不强的原因,结合目前改造现状提出适宜的相关策略。对同等气候区既有住宅节能改造具有一定参考价值。There are some problems in the existing residential energy saving reconstruction in Changsha area,such as residents' weak intention and the effect of energy saving reconstruction is not obvious.This study investigated the envelope structure and household appliances of nearly 35 residential buildings around Hunan University in 2008,2009,2019,and 2020,respectively,as well as the terminal electricity consumption of more than 400 residential households.The K-means clustering method is used to cluster total electricity consumption,heating,cooling and domestic electricity consumption respectively.The study calculates parameters such as boundary value and average value as well.Then,the change rule of residential electricity consumption before and after ten years is analyzed.It is proposed that improving indoor thermal environment and reducing cooling energy consumption are important goals of existing residential energy saving reconstruction in this area.This paper makes macro scenario prediction of existing residential electricity consumption,demonstrates the necessity of energy saving reconstruction of existing residential building envelope,analyzes the reasons for weak intention of energy saving reconstruction,and puts forward appropriate relevant strategies based on the current reconstruction strategies.It has certain reference value for energy saving reconstruction of existing residential buildings in the same climate zone.

关 键 词：能耗调研 长沙地区 既有住宅 K-means聚类分析 情景预测 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]