先天性心脏病术后患儿口渴程度现状及影响因素分析  

Current situation and influencing factors of thirst intensity in children following congenital heart disease surgery

作　　者：杨志敏 袁理 邓含芳 张雯澜 罗雯懿[2] YANG Zhi-min;YUAN Li;DENG Han-fang;ZHANG Wen-lan;LUO Wen-yi(Department of Cardiothoracic surgery,Shanghai Children’s Medical Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200127,China;Department of Nursing,Shanghai Children’s Medical Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200127,China;School of Nursing,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200025,China;Intensive Care of Unit,College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics&Gynecology and Pediatrics,Fujian Medical University,Fujian Children’s Hospital(Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center),Fuzhou 350005,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心心胸外科,上海市200127 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心护理部,上海市200127 [3]上海交通大学护理学院 [4]福建医科大学妇儿临床医学院、福建省儿童医院(上海儿童医学中心福建医院)重症医学科

出　　处：《中国心血管病研究》2024年第2期136-140,共5页Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Research

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2022J011070);中华护理学会立项科研课题(ZHYQ202212)。

摘　　要：目的了解先天性心脏病(先心病)术后患儿口渴程度现状及其影响因素。方法选取2022年10月至2023年8月在上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心心胸外科监护室接受治疗的6~18岁出现口渴症状的先心病患儿为研究对象,采用一般资料调查、数字评分量表和口腔湿度仪进行调查,采用有序多分类logistic回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果共纳入165例患儿,其中轻度口渴的有23例(13.94%),中度口渴的有67例(40.61%),重度口渴的有75例(45.45%)。单因素分析显示,年龄、有无张口呼吸、钠离子、血糖、口腔湿度、液体平衡对先心术后患儿口渴程度的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,张口呼吸(OR=3.47,95%CI 1.77~6.81,P<0.001)、高血糖(OR=1.26,95%CI 1.02~1.55,P=0.031)、液体负平衡(OR=0.57,95%CI 0.33~0.99,P=0.045)、口腔湿度低(OR=0.081,95%CI 0.70~0.93,P=0.004)是先心术后患儿口渴程度的危险因素。结论先心术后患儿口渴程度较高。对于出现张口呼吸、高血糖、液体负平衡以及口腔湿度低的患儿,医护人员应重点关注其口渴情况,并及时采取相应的护理措施以缓解患儿的不适。Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of thirst intensity in children with congenital heart disease(CHD)after the surgery.Methods Children with CHD aged 6 to 18 years who had thirst symptoms after the surgery in the Cardiothoracic Surgery Care Unit of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University from October 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the research objects.A general information survey,numerical rating scale,and oral humidity meter were used for the investigation.Ordinal multiclass logistic regression was used for the influencing factor analysis.Results A total of 165 children were included in the study,including 23 subjects(13.94%)with mild thirst,67 subjects(40.61%)with moderate thirst and 75 subjects(45.45%)with severe thirst.Univariate analysis showed that all the age,mouth breathing,sodium ion,blood glucose,oral humidity and fluid balance had statistically significant effects on the degree of thirst in the children after CHD surgery(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that mouth breathing(OR=3.47,95%CI 1.77-6.81,P<0.001),high blood glucose(OR=1.26,95%CI 1.02-1.55,P=0.031),fluid negative balance(OR=0.57,95%CI 0.33-0.99,P=0.045)and low oral humidity(OR=0.081,95%CI 0.70-0.93,P=0.004)were the influencing factors for the degree of thirst in the children after CHD surgery.Conclusion Children with CHD have a high degree of thirst after the surgery.For the children with mouth breathing,high blood glucose,fluid negative balance and low oral humidity,medical staff should pay close attention to their thirst and take timely corresponding nursing measures to alleviate the discomfort of the children.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 外科手术 儿童 口渴 影响因素 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]