基于垂直水温因子的秘鲁外海茎柔鱼春、夏季栖息地分布  

Habitat distribution of jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas off peru inspring and autumn based on vertical water temperature

作　　者：余为[1,2,3,4,5] 金鹏超 朱桂忠 YU Wei;JIN Pengchao;ZHU Guizhong(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Center for Quality and Safety of Agriculture,Chongming District,Shanghai 202150,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306 [6]上海市崇明区农业质量安全中心,上海202150

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第10期1246-1258,共13页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(23ZR1427100);上海市人才发展资金项目(2021078);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41906073).

摘　　要：为了研究温度变动对茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)资源丰度和栖息地的分布的影响,利用2006—2015年秘鲁外海春夏季节(9月至翌年2月)茎柔鱼渔业捕捞数据结合中上层垂直水温数据(0 m,50 m,100 m和150 m)建立栖息地适宜性(habitat suitability index,HSI)模型,分析秘鲁外海茎柔鱼渔场以及栖息地的时空分布。通过计算适宜栖息地内的茎柔鱼资源量占比,并用2014—2015年的数据进行验证。结果发现,基于垂直水温因子和算术平均法的栖息地模型可以较好模拟出茎柔鱼栖息地适宜性指数。空间相关分析结果显示,秘鲁外海水域各水层水温与栖息地适宜性呈现负相关关系。茎柔鱼的CPUE和适宜栖息地面积的变化相对平稳,没有明显的年间和月间差异,两者之间呈现显著的正相关关系。茎柔鱼的渔场重心和栖息地重心存在显著的年间和月间变化,均呈现向东南方向移动的趋势,同时春季适宜栖息地面积与夏季相比明显减少。茎柔鱼渔场的经纬度重心的月间和年际变化与栖息地经纬度重心的移动具有一致性,两者之间呈现明显的正相关。研究表明,茎柔鱼的资源丰度与适宜栖息地密切相关,其适宜栖息地存在明显的年间和月间变化,这可能是造成秘鲁外海茎柔鱼时空分布变动的重要原因。The jumbo flying squid,Dosidicus gigas,is an economically important squid species with a short life cycle.It is widely distributed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and is exploited by international fishing vessels,such as those from Peru,Chile,and China.The inter-annual catch of D.gigas fluctuated significantly from year to year and was closely related to environmental changes and climate variability.Previous studies have found that fluctuations in the catch of this squid are associated with local environmental conditions such as sea surface temperature,current,and food density.However,this species exhibits vertical migration,and changes in the water temperature at different depths tend to have a significant impact on their resource abundance and habitat distribution.Therefore,to evaluate the impact of vertical water temperature on the habitat changes of D.gigas in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru,a habitat suitability index model(HSI)was established.This model utilized the fisheries data of D.gigas in the spring and summer seasons off Peru from 2006 to 2015(September to February of the next year),combined with the vertical water temperature data at depths of 0 m,50 m,100 m,and 150 m,to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of the fishery and habitat of D.gigas off Peru.Fisheries data were obtained from the National Distant-Water Fisheries Data Center of China.By calculating the percentage of HSI in suitable habitats and validating the model with data from 2014-2015,the habitat model based on the vertical water temperature factor and the arithmetic mean method could better simulate HSI values.The results of the spatial correlation analysis showed that the water temperature at each water layer off Peru was negatively correlated with habitat suitability.Changes in catch per unit effort and suitable habitat area for D.gigas were relatively minor,with no significant inter-annual or inter-monthly differences,and a significant positive correlation was observed between them.However,significant inter-annual and i

关 键 词：茎柔鱼 垂直水温 栖息地分布 经纬度重心 秘鲁外海 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]