越南非洲猪瘟疫苗AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF)研究工作分析与思考  

Analysis and Considerations on the Development of Vietnam's African Swine Fever Vaccine AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF)

作　　者：戈胜强[1,2,3] 沙洲 左媛媛 初薛霏[4] 徐天刚 张永强[1] 李金明[1] 王志亮[1] Ge Shengqiang;Sha Zhou;Zuo Yuanyuan;Chu Xuefei;Xu Tiangang;Zhang Yongqiang;Li Jinming;Wang Zhiliang(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Qingdao Key Laboratory of Modern Bioengineering and Animal Disease Research,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Warning Prevention and Control(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China;Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032 [2]青岛市现代生物工程及动物疫病研究重点实验室,山东青岛266032 [3]农业农村部动物生物安全风险预警及防控重点实验室(南方),山东青岛266032 [4]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第2期36-41,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800500)。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟(Afcrian swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染引起的烈性传染病。近日,越南正式将经临床试验验证的非洲猪瘟弱毒疫苗AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF)在其全国推广使用。本文对越南非洲猪瘟弱毒疫苗ASFV-G-ΔMGF相关研究数据进行了总结分析,分别从ASFVG-ΔMGF株攻毒保护能力评价、传代细胞培养株临床动物实验、野猪口服接种试验、毒力返强验证等方面,结合国内相关ASFV基因缺失株试验数据进行了分析。总结分析发现:越南上市的ASFV-G-ΔMGF疫苗株,二次免疫接种后攻毒保护效果更好,但在对野猪的口服接种评价中,其口鼻接种效果存在不确定性;随着疫苗株在动物体内的不断传代,其存在毒力返强和毒株变异风险,导致接种猪只临床症状明显;ASFV-G-ΔMGF株虽然有较好的攻毒保护能力和可靠的生产优势,但仍缺乏相关研究数据,特别是在垂直传播、交叉保护、基因突变等方面。后续仍需对ASFV-G-ΔMGF株的临床应用效果进一步评价。African swine fever(ASF)is a severe contagious disease caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV).The attenuated ASF vaccine,AVAC ASF LIVE(ASFV-G-ΔMGF),after clinically tested and verified,was officially publicized across the country by Vietnam.In the paper,combined with experiment data related to domestic ASFV gene deletion strains,relevant research data on the vaccine were summarized and analyzed from the aspects of evaluation on its challenge protective capacity,clinical animal experiments of passaged cell culture strains,oral inoculation experiments on wild boars and virulence reversal validation.The results showed that the ASFV-G-ΔMGF commercially produced in Vietnam could provide better protection after secondary vaccination,but was uncertain in wild boars with oral and nasal vaccination;the risk of virulence reversion and strain variation was available with the continuous passage of vaccine strains in animals,leading to significant clinical symptoms in vaccinated pigs;relevant research data was lack,especially in vertical transmission,cross protection,gene mutations and other fields,although ASFV-G-ΔMGF could provide relatively good protection and reliable production advantages.The clinical application of the vaccine was necessary to be further evaluated.

关 键 词：非洲猪瘟 减毒活疫苗 越南 ASFV-G-ΔMGF疫苗株 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]