严寒地区农村住宅围护结构现状分析与优化研究  

STUDY ON ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF RURAL HOUSING ENVELOPE STRUCTURES IN COLD AREAS

作　　者：王宏伟[1] 于晨 靳悦 徐志凯 WANG Hong-wei;YU Chen;JIN Yue;XU Zhi-kai(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,110168,Shenyang,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《建筑技术》2024年第1期82-87,共6页Architecture Technology

基　　金：国家重点项目研发计划课题(2017YFB0604001)。

摘　　要：我国严寒地区气候寒冷且供暖季漫长,农村住宅采暖能耗问题突出,多数住宅采用自建形式,围护结构的热工性能普遍不理想。本研究从严寒地区农村住宅围护结构实际情况出发,对本溪农村地区200余户现有住宅进行调研。结果显示,本溪现有农宅基本未设置外墙保温,虽部分住宅屋顶设置保温,但保温材料均已超过使用年限,保温效果较差。有86.95%的农宅室内温度基本维持在18℃以下,农户满意度仅24.2%。实地测量3户典型农宅的室内环境温度。采用EnergyPlus模拟得到农宅围护结构的传热系数相比居住建筑节能设计标准规定限值超出300%~400%。根据实测数据和模拟数据对外墙、屋顶、外窗进行热工性能改造。对比单一围护结构改造前后的供暖季热负荷,得出外墙的改造效果最好。In severe cold areas where it is cold and the heating period is long in China,rural residential buildings have outstanding issues in heating energy consumption.Most residential buildings are self-built,so the thermal performance of their enclosure structures is generally not ideal.In this study,more than 200 houses in the rural area of Benxi were investigated from the perspective of actual envelope structures in severe cold areas.Results show that more rural houses in Benxi have no exterior wall insulation,and those with top insulation layers have poor insulation effects as a result of the expiration of insulation life.The indoor temperature of 86.95%of rural houses is essentially below 18℃,and the satisfaction of farmers is only 24.2%.The indoor temperature of three typical rural houses was measured on site.Through EnergyPlus simulation,the heat transfer coefficient of rural house envelopes is 300%to 400%higher than the limit stipulated in energy saving design standards for residential buildings.According to the measured data and simulated data,the thermal performance of exterior walls,roofs and external windows was renovated.The exterior wall renovation has the best effects by comparing the heat load in the heating period before and after a single envelope structure.

关 键 词：严寒地区 农村住宅采暖 围护结构 节能改造 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论]