沙化盐碱地成库论证及防渗对策研究  

Feasibility study of the reservoir in sandy saline-alkali ground and study on the anti-seepage measures

作　　者：姚纪华 刘亚玲 廖武 姚涛 贺文双 Yao Jihua;Liu Yaing;Liao Wu;Yao Tao;He Wenshuang(Hunan Water Resources and Hydropower Research Institute,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan Jiuyi Engineering Design Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410018,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水利水电科学研究院,长沙410007 [2]湖南九一工程设计有限公司,长沙410018

出　　处：《工程勘察》2024年第3期8-14,共7页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2202358);湖南省重大水利科技项目(XSKJ2021000-09);湖南省水利科技项目(XSKJ2022068-17);湖南省水利水电科学研究院优秀人才培养支撑项目(2021-11、2021-01)。

摘　　要：昆都仑河水库整个库坝区覆盖层皆为沙化盐碱地层,透水性、腐蚀性和盐胀性皆较强,且厚度大而难以换填,导致其成库论证及防渗处置极其复杂,而两者成功与否是水库修建的决定性因素。本文基于地质调查、地质钻探和室内外试验成果,探索沙化盐碱地岩土体物理及化学特性,以求为成库论证及防渗对策研究奠定基础。结果表明:库坝区上部地层皆为强透水性,存在库区、坝肩和坝基渗漏,不具备成库蓄水天然地质条件。库坝区表层厚度约2.0m为沙化盐碱土,具有较强的腐蚀性和盐胀性,但皆随埋深增加而逐渐变弱。坝基全—强风化泥岩皆呈弱透水性,防渗性较好,为天然库底隔水层,其抗压强度及坝基承载力皆随埋深增加和风化程度减弱逐渐提高。推荐库坝区采用砼防渗面板铺盖方案,且砼必须具备抗硫酸盐、高密实性、高强度等特性,且严控施工和养护质量,可实现成库蓄水。The upper layer of the Kundulun River Reservoir dam situated is sandy saline alkali stratum,with strong water permeability,corrosiveness and salt expansion,and is thick and difficult to be replaced,which leads to extremely complex on reservoir construction feasibility study and anti-seepage treatment,the success of both is the decisive factor for the reservoir construction.Based on the results of geological survey,geological drilling and indoor and in-situ tests,the physical and chemical characteristics of rock and soil mass in sandy alkali soil are explored,in order to provide a basis for the reservoir demonstration and anti-seepage countermeasures to be taken.The results indicate that the upper strata of the reservoir and dam area are highly permeable,with leakage from the reservoir area,dam abutment,and dam foundation,and not suitable for water storage with its natural geological conditions.The surface layer of the reservoir dam area is sandy saline alkali soil of about 2.0m thick with strong corrosiveness and salt swelling,but gradually weakens with burial depth increases.The completely to strongly weathered mudstone of the dam ground exhibits weak permeability,and it is a natural impermeable layer for reservoir.Its compressive strength,bearing capacity gradually increase and weathering becomes slight with burial depth increases.It is recommended to adopt a concrete anti-seepage panel covering scheme for the reservoir and dam area,and the concrete must have characteristics such as sulfate resistance,high density,and high strength,and strictly control the construction and maintenance quality to achieve reservoir water storage.

关 键 词：沙化盐碱地 成库论证 防渗对策 渗透性 腐蚀性 盐胀性 抗压强度 地基承载力 

分 类 号：TU448[建筑科学—岩土工程]