图像全站仪同轴相机主距检校方法研究  

Principal distance calibration method of image-assisted total station coaxial camera

作　　者：阮从海 郑勇[1] 章后甜 陈虓 Ruan Conghai;Zheng Yong;Zhang Houtian;Chen Xiao(Institute of Geospatial Information,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Civil Engineering,Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450001 [2]洛阳理工学院土木工程学院,河南洛阳471032

出　　处：《工程勘察》2024年第3期44-48,67,共6页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目,红外偏振全天时天文大地垂线偏差测量理论方法研究(42374011);河南省青年人才托举工程项目,红外全天时天文导航理论及关键技术研究(2022HYTP008)。

摘　　要：变形测量是图像全站仪目前应用最为广泛的领域。同轴相机主距是图像全站仪应用于变形测量所需检校的主要参数,其检校方法及精度直接关乎变形测量的精度与效率。针对现有检校方法涉及参数过多、求解过程复杂等问题,本文提出一种高效直观的检校方法,检校参数仅包括主距和畸变,可有效检测出不同测量距离上的主距变化,并建立相应的物距—主距函数模型,在实际测量中可由该模型直接获得不同物距对应的精确主距,有效提高将图像测量转换为实地形变测量的精度。针对研究建立的检校模型,设计了完整的检校实验流程,对物距(S)变化范围为2.46m至11.56m的徕卡TS60图像全站仪同轴相机的主距(f)进行精密检校实验,得到的物距与主距的函数模型为f=-3.8382*S^-3.9592+23.1997±0.0023cm。结果表明,本文方法的主距检校相对精度为10-4,所建立的函数模型可将主距误差引起的测角误差降低到0.2″以内。Deformation measurement is the most widely used field of image-assisted total station.The principal distance of the coaxial camera is the main parameter for the calibration of the image-assisted total station used in the deformation measurement,and its calibration method and accuracy are directly related to the accuracy and efficiency of the deformation measurement.Aiming at the problems that the existing calibration methods involve too many parameters and complex solution processes,this paper proposes an efficient and intuitive calibration method.The calibration parameters only include the principal distance and distortion,which can effectively detect the change of the principal distance at different measurement distances,and establish a corresponding object distance-principal distance function model.In actual measurement,the model can directly obtain the precise principal distance corresponding to different object distances,which effectively improves the accuracy of converting image measurement to ground deformation measurement.Aiming at the calibration model established by the research,the paper designs a complete calibration experiment process,and conducts the principal distance(f)of the Leica TS60 image-assisted total station coaxial camera with the object distance(S)ranging from 2.46m to 11.56m.In the precise calibration experiment,the obtained function model of the object distance and the principal distance is f=-3.8382∗S^-3.9592+23.1997±0.0023cm.The results show that the relative accuracy of the principal distance calibration method in this paper is 10-4,and the established function model can reduce the angle measurement error caused by the principal distance error to within 0.2".

关 键 词：变形测量 图像全站仪 同轴相机主距 畸变 物距 函数模型 

分 类 号：P204[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]