单相定速压缩机铝线电机可靠性研究  

Research on Reliability of Aluminum Wire Motors of the Single-phase Constant Speed Compressor

作　　者：汪韵恒 WANG Yunheng(Nanchang Highly Electrical Appliances Co.,Ltd.,330013)

机构地区：[1]南昌海立电器有限公司,330013

出　　处：《电机技术》2024年第1期29-33,共5页Electrical Machinery Technology

摘　　要：空调用单相定速压缩机通常采用铜漆包线单相异步电机,而近年铜价大幅上升,为了降低产品成本,提高产品市场竞争力,考虑采用铝漆包线代替铜漆包线。然而由于铝漆包线的电阻率远大于铜漆包线,导致其绕组损耗高、发热严重;此外,铝漆包线电阻温度系数高、热传导系数低,存在散热困难的问题,使得铝线电机温升高,电磁可靠性低。而机械性能方面,铝漆包线抗拉强度低和延伸率低的特点,给制造工艺带来了较大的挑战。文章以空调压缩机用单相异步铝线电机为对象,从电磁和工艺两个方面,研究了铝漆包线对电机可靠性的影响机理,并探讨可靠性的改善方向。Single-phase fixed-speed compressors for air conditioners usually employ the single-phase asynchronous motors by the copper enameled wires.However,in recent years,the sharp rise of copper prices is driving the manu-facturers to take the replacements of copper enameled wires by the cheaper aluminum enameled wires into account.But the aluminum enameled wire has much higher resistance than that of the copper enameled wire,which leads to high copper loss and serious heat generation.In addition,with high temperature coefficient of resistance and low thermal conductivity,aluminum undergoes from inefficient heat dis-sipation,which means aluminum wire motor runs at a high temperature and its electromagnetic reliability is low.Fur-thermore,in terms of mechanical properties,the enameled aluminum wire has low tensile strength and low elongation,which brings great challenges to the manufacturing process.Diving into single-phase asynchronous aluminum wire mo-tor used in air-conditioning compressors,this paper studies mechanism why aluminum enameled wire influences mo-tor performance regarding electromagnetic reliability and process reliability,as well as discusses how to improve the reliability.

关 键 词：空调压缩机 单相异步电机 铝漆包线 可靠性 

分 类 号：TM304[电气工程—电机]