长期护理保险对居家社区护理需求的规范与引导:国际经验及启示  

The regulation and guidance of long-term care insurance to the demands of home and community-based care:International experiences and implications

作　　者：王馨慧 孙晨晗 刘稳 胡敏[1] WANG Xin-hui;SUN Chen-han;LIU Wen;HU Min(School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200030,China;School of Humanities and Management,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200030 [2]浙江中医药大学人文与管理学院,浙江杭州310053

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2024年第1期75-81,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学项目(18YJC630048);泰康溢彩公共卫生及流行病防治专项基金。

摘　　要：为贯彻“以人为中心”的服务理念、增强长护服务体系的可持续性,世界各国纷纷在配置使用公共长护资金时,有侧重地进行待遇设计,以规范、引导长期护理需求,发展居家社区护理。本文基于服务购买理论,将典型国家的长期护理保障待遇模式总结为“机构待遇资格限定型”与“居家待遇水平倾斜型”两类,并介绍了其待遇设计。我国长期护理保险正处于起步阶段,应通过公共保险购买机制优化服务利用结构、引导资源合理配置,有机结合待遇资格限定、差异化待遇水平、额外支持等多元待遇设计,建立健全以居家为基础、社区为依托的多层次长护服务体系。In order to implement a“people-centered”service concept and promote the sustainability of long-term care systems,countries worldwide are increasingly focusing on benefit package design when allocating and using public long-term care funds.This emphasis is aimed at regulating and guiding long-term care demand and developing home and community-based care.Based on the purchasing theory,this study categorized the long-term care benefit package models in representative countries into two types:“Institutional Eligibility Restrictions Type”and“Home-care-focused Benefit Type”,and further elaborated the specific benefit package design.In China,long-term care insurance are still in the initial stages of development.We should optimize the service utilization structure and promote a rational allocation of resources through purchasing,while incorporating diverse benefit designs such as eligibility restrictions,differential benefit levels,and supplementary support,to establish a robust,multi-tiered long-term care system based on home and community-based care.

关 键 词：服务购买 长期护理服务 长期护理保险 居家社区护理 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]