撞击流—水力空化制备壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合材料及其应用  

Preparation of chitosan/bentonite composites by impingement flow-hydraulic cavitation and its application

作　　者：王宁 黄承都[1,2] 庞溪 黄永春 WANG Ning;HUANG Chengdu;PANG Xi;HUANG Yongchun(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources〔Guangxi University of Science and Technology〕,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545006,China;Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西糖资源绿色加工重点实验室〔广西科技大学〕,广西柳州545006 [2]蔗糖产业省部共建协同创新中心,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《食品与机械》2023年第11期110-115,共6页Food and Machinery

基　　金：广西自然科学基金联合资助培育项目(编号:2018GXNSFAA138107);广西自然科学基金重点项目(编号:2019GXNSFDA245025);广西糖资源绿色加工重点实验室开放课题(编号:2022TZYKF03)。

摘　　要：目的:解决传统机械搅拌制备壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合材料耗时长且不利于放大生产的问题。方法:利用撞击流—水力空化的方法制备壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合材料,考察了壳聚糖用量、壳聚糖相对分子质量、反应时间和反应温度4个因素对复合材料有机烧失率的影响,进而采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验优化制备材料的最佳方法。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、比表面分析仪对复合材料进行结构表征。结果:制备壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合材料的最优方案为:壳聚糖用量25 g、壳聚糖相对分子质量150万、空化时间20 min、空化反应温度80℃。在此条件下制备的复合材料的有机烧失率为37.42%,表征结果证明壳聚糖已成功负载到蒙脱土上,且复合材料依然具有蒙脱土的多孔结构。结论:撞击流—水力空化法与传统机械搅拌方法制备的复合材料相比,结构更疏松,比表面更大,有机烧失率、蔗汁脱色率更高,且撞击流—水力空化制备法更节省时间。Objective:In order to solve the problem that the preparation of chitosan/montmorillonite composites by traditional mechanical stirring was time-consuming and not conducive to scale-up production.Methods:Chitosan/montmorillonite composites were prepared by impinging stream hydrodynamic cavitation,the effects of four factors,namely chitosan dosage,chitosan molecular weight,reaction time and reaction temperature on the organic ignition loss were investigated,and then the optimum method of preparation was optimized by using the L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal test.The structure of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Specific surface analyzer.Results:The optimal solution for the preparation of chitosan/montmorillonite composites was:chitosan dosage 25 g,chitosan relative molecular weight 1500000.Hydrodynamic cavitation time 20 min and hydrodynamic cavitation reaction temperature 80℃.The composites prepared under these conditions had a organic ignition loss rate of 37.42%.The characterization results demonstrate that chitosan has been successfully loaded onto montmorillonite and the composite still has the porous structure of montmorillonite.Conclusion:Comparing the impinging stream hydrodynamic cavitation method to the composites prepared by the conventional mechanical mixing method,the structure of the composite is looser,and the specific surface area is larger,the organic ignition loss rate and decolorization rate of sugar cane juice is higher,and the hydrodynamic cavitation preparation method is timesaving.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 蒙脱土 撞击流 水力空化 有机烧失率 甘蔗汁澄清 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]