不同运动形式和运动量对心脏结构与功能的影响  

The Effect of Different Forms and Amounts of Exercise on Cardiac Structure and Function

作　　者：郑平 李红梅[1] 孔娜 王林杰[2] 陈明燕 张忠梅 Zheng Ping;Li Hongmei;Kong Na;Wang Linjie;Chen Mingyan;Zhang Zhongmei(The Northern Medical District,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100094,China;China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军总医院京北医疗区,北京市100094 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京市100094

出　　处：《中国超声医学杂志》2024年第1期44-47,共4页Chinese Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

摘　　要：目的 应用超声心动图评价不同运动对35~55岁男性脑力工作者心脏结构与功能的影响。方法 纳入2021年中国人民解放军总医院京北医疗区进行心脏体检的中年男性脑力工作者200例,根据近1年运动量和《体育活动等级量表(PARS-3)》分为波动量组45例、中等运动量组89例、大运动量组33例、高强度运动量组33例。进行超声心动图检查,测量心脏结构和功能等指标。结果 各组静息心率、左心房前后径(LAAPD)/体表面积(BSA)1/2、左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)、舒张早期E峰减速时间(DT)/每搏心跳时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,LAAPD/BSA1/2、LVMI、E峰/A峰、DT、DT/每搏心跳时间、静息心率与体育活动量呈显著相关(r=0.188,P=0.008;r=0.196,P=0.005;r=0.231,P=0.001;r=0.184,P=0.010;r=0.181,P=0.014;r=0.291,P<0.001;r=-0.238,P=0.001)。结论 中等运动量组和大运动量组的心脏结构指标优于高强度运动量组,心肌重构发生率小,对左心室舒张功能影响亦较小,《体育活动等级量表(PARS-3)》评分20~59分的运动量最为适宜。Objective To use echocardiography to assess the effect of different exercise on cardiac structure and function of the male brainworker aged 35-55.Methods Retrospective included 200 healthy males with brain work who underwent echocardiographic examination in the of China PLA Generd Hospital.According to the amount of exercise last year marked by“Physical Activity Rating Scale-3(PARS-3)”,they were divided into four groups,fluctuation group(45 cases),medium exercise group(89 cases),large exercise group(33 cases),high intensity exercise group(33 cases).The morphological and functional parameters of cardiac chambers were measured and echocardiography were checked.Results Significant differences were observed in resting heart rate,left atrial anterior-posterior dimension(LAAPD)/BSA1/2(body surface area,BSA),left ventricular mass index(LVMI),the early diastolic deceleration time(DT)/beat time among the four groups(P<0.05).Correlation analysis shows LAAPD/BSA1/2,LVMI,the ratio of transmitral inflow early velocity and late velocity(E/A),DT,DT/beat time,resting heart rate were significantly related to the amount of exercise(r=0.188,P=0.008;r=0.196,P=0.005;r=0.231,P=0.001;r=0.184,P=0.010;r=0.181,P=0.014;r=0.291,P<0.001;r=-0.238,P=0.001).Conclusions Cardiac structure indexes of medium exercise,large exercise groups are better than those of high intensity exercise group,indicating low incidence of myocardial remodeling and having little effect on left ventricular diastolic function in medium exercise,large exercise groups.The amount of exercise with a score of 20-59 according to“PARS-3”is the most appropriate.

关 键 词：心脏超声 脑力工作者 运动量 左心室 左心房 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学] R540.45[文化科学—体育学]