光复初期台湾地区海港检疫的重建及其困境探析  

Reconstruction and Predicaments of Taiwan’s Harbor Quarantine after the Restoration

作　　者：杜丽红 Du Lihong

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系(珠海) [2]中山大学医学院(深圳)

出　　处：《台湾历史研究》2024年第1期33-45,共13页Taiwan History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国公共卫生防疫史研究”(20&ZD221)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：抗日战争胜利后,台湾省政当局重建了一套海港检疫管理体系。台湾省行政长官公署新成立台湾地区检疫总所,作为统一管理台湾地区港口和航空检疫的机构,下设十几个检疫所。由于受到地方政治波动的影响,检疫所的管辖权在三年时间内几经转移,影响了业务的开展。检疫所与港务局之间的关系错综复杂,对检疫工作也有一定的影响。台湾地区检疫总所所长因腐败违法,更直接导致检疫总所被撤销。在光复后台湾地区海港检疫工作量和难度均大为增加的情况下,受种种因素影响,台湾地区的海港检疫举步维艰,难以达到有效防疫的作用。台湾地区光复后重建的海港检疫虽自成体系,但因检疫部门与港务系统以及卫生部门之间的协调合作存在诸多问题,卫生行政的责任逻辑尚未厘清,致使卫生防疫缺乏系统支持而成效不彰。Following the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,the Taiwan provincial authorities established a new harbor quarantine management system.The Taiwan region Executive Office set up the new Taiwan Quarantine Bureau as the unified organization responsible for managing port and aviation quarantine in Taiwan,with several subordinate quarantine stations.Influenced by local political fluctuations,the jurisdiction of these stations changed several times within three years,affecting their operations.In particular,the intricate relationship between the Quarantine Bureau and the Harbor Bureau had a significant impact on quarantine work.Most notably,serious corruption by the director of the Taiwan Quarantine Bureau led to the bureau's revocation.With the increasing workloads and difficulty of quarantine operations during the early period of the Restoration of Taiwan region,and as a result of various factors,Taiwan's region harbor quarantine faced significant challenges,hindering its effectiveness in epidemic prevention.While the reconstructed harbor quarantine in Taiwan region formed its own system,problems arose when it tried to cooperate with the harbor system and public health authorities,failing to clarify the logical responsibilities of health administration,leading to a lack of systematic support and subsequent inefficacy in health and epidemic prevention.

关 键 词：海港检疫 光复初期 中国台湾检疫总所 港务局 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学]