雷震与张君劢关系考述——以《雷震日记》为中心  

A Study of the Relationship between Lei Chen and Carsun Chang:With a Focus on Lei Chen’s Diary

作　　者：张维达 Zhang Weida

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《台湾历史研究》2024年第1期60-73,共14页Taiwan History Studies

摘　　要：雷震与张君劢的交往始于两人在国民参政会工作期间。1943年,雷震仗义执言促使蒋介石解除对张君劢的软禁,后雷、张二人结为莫逆之交。1946—1951年,雷震作为体制内自由派就“制宪”、“政府”改组、国共和战、第三势力运动等事,与作为体制外组党介入型自由主义知识分子代表的张君劢频繁互动,希冀张氏拥护国民党当局。1952—1960年,处于在野地位的雷震在帮助青年党、民社党调解内部纠纷期间,逐渐萌生建立反对党、敦促台湾(地区)当局实行民主化改革之意,并从1956年起视胡适与张君劢为领导反对党的合适人选。相比胡适的消极,张君劢积极响应雷震的组党运动。雷震入狱后,在日记中提及张君劢,仍对其表达羡慕和崇敬,出狱后受其影响撰写《中华民国制宪史》。雷、张既有政治上的相互利用,也有同为被蒋介石与国民党当局迫害的自由主义知识分子之间的惺惺相惜。二人虽被视为从政失败者,然仍对20世纪80年代的台湾地区政治产生了一定影响。Lei Chen's relationship with Carsun Chang began during the National Consultative Council.In 1943,Lei Chen spoke out to lift Chiang Kai-shek's house arrest of Carsun Chang,and the two became"bosom friends."From 1946 to 1951,Lei Chen,as a liberal within the establishment,frequently interacted with Carsun Chang,as a representative of the interventional liberal intellectuals of the party outside the establishment,on issues such as constitution-making,government reorganization,Nationalist-Communist relations,and the movement of the Third Force,hoping that Chang would support the KMT regime.From 1952 to 1960,Lei Chen,who was in opposition,helped mediate internal disputes between the Youth Party and the Democratic Socialist Party and gradually developed the intention of establishing an opposition party and urging the Taiwan authorities to carry out democratic reforms,and from 1956 he regarded Hu Shih and Carsun Chang as suitable candidates to lead the opposition party.Compared with Hu Shih's passivity,Carsun Chang actively responded to Lei Chen's party-forming movement.After Lei Chen was imprisoned,he mentioned Carsun Chang in his diary and still expressed his envy and respect for him.After his release from prison,he was influenced by Carsun Chang to write the History of the Constitution of the Republic of China.Lei and Chang used each other politically,as well as sympathized with each other as liberal intellectuals who were persecuted by Chiang Kai-shek and the KMT regime.Although the two are considered political failures,they left behind a spiritual legacy that contributed to Taiwan's region political transformation in the 1980s.

关 键 词：雷震 张君劢 《雷震日记》 自由主义知识分子 

分 类 号：K827[历史地理—历史学]