农村院前急救的基层延伸:建设“村民-村医”自救互救环节  

Extension of rural pre-hospital first aid:construction of"villager-village doctor"self-rescue and mutual rescue link

作　　者：黄思语 胡玉瑶 刘雨婷 黄欣扬 李悦芃 焦语凝 焦光源[5] HUANG Siyu;HU Yuyao;LIU Yuting;HUANG Xinyang;LI Yuepeng;JIAO Yuning;JIAO Guangyuan(School of Basic Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学基础医学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [3]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100069 [4]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069 [5]首都医科大学马克思主义学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2024年第2期174-176,182,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：北京市教委社科计划一般项目“马克思卫生思想及其时代价值研究”的阶段性成果资助项目(编号:SM202110025001)。

摘　　要：目的 在现有农村“院前急救-院内急救”急救体系下,提出新增建设“村民-村医”自救互救环节,延伸农村院前急救链,主要以村民与村医的角度深入探究建设困境,并多维度提出完善策略,为提升农村院前急救水平提供新思路。方法 走访我国5省市6地区,并对13名基层急救相关人员(村民、村医、村干部)开展质性访谈,深入调研建设“村民-村医”自救互救环节的困境和具体建议。结果 建设“村民-村医”自救互救环节存在困境:村民的急救素养有待提高,表现在急救意识、急救技能掌握等方面;乡村基层医疗机构的服务水平仍需加强,表现在急救能力、药物与设施配备等方面。结论 从人力资源、物质基础、信息宣传和法律保障4个角度入手,可为有效建设“村民-村医”自救互救环节提供助力,进一步完善农村院前急救体系。Objective Under the existing rural"pre-hospital first-aid-in-hospital first-aid"first-aid system,it is proposed to build a new"villager-village doctor"self-rescue and mutual rescue link,extend the rural pre-hospital first-aid chain,explore the construction dilemma from the perspective of villagers and village doctors,and put forward multi-dimensional improvement strategies to provide new ideas for improving the level of pre-hospital first-aid in rural areas.Methods Visiting five provinces and six regions in China,and conducting qualitative interviews with 13 primary-level first-aid personnel(villagers,village doctors,village cadres),deeply investigating the dilemma and specific suggestions of the construction of"villager-village doctors"self-rescue and mutual rescue link.Results There were difficulties in the construction of"villager-village doctor"self-rescue and mutual rescue link:the villagers′first-aid literacy needed to be improved,which was manifested in first-aid awareness and first-aid skills,and the service level of rural primary medical institutions still needed to be strengthened,which was manifested in first-aid ability,drugs and facilities.Conclusion Starting from the four aspects of human resources,material basis,information publicity and legal protection,it can effectively provide assistance for the construction of"villager-village doctor"self-rescue and mutual rescue link,and further improve the rural pre-hospital emergency system.

关 键 词：院前急救 农村 自救互救 村民 村医 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]