湘西地区珍稀树木根际微生物群落结构及土壤理化性质研究  

Study on rhizosphere microbial community structure and soil physical and chemical properties of rare trees in Xiangxi Region

作　　者：佘佳荣 郑琼 张轩[1] 喻宁华[1] 黄丽 SHE Jiarong;ZHENG Qiong;ZHANG Xuan;YU Ninghua;HUANG Li(Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410018,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410018

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第12期104-115,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32201394);湖南森林提质增效示范项目(CMC22N7Q51)。

摘　　要：【目的】对湖南省西部地区(湘西地区)珍稀树种林下土壤理化性质及微生物群落结构与林地健康度之间关系的探究,可为林地管理及土壤改良提供科学依据。【方法】以湘西山区中3种树木(南方红豆杉、樟木及楠木)为研究对象,利用典型样地与随机取样法,对样区林地土壤理化性质、微生物生物量及酶活性进行了测定,分析了土壤微生物群落结构,探究了土壤理化性质及微生物群落与林地树木健康度之间的关系。【结果】样区林地土壤密度在0.70~0.95 g·cm-3之间,与总孔隙度、含水量、pH值等指标呈极显著负相关,与全钾含量呈极显著正相关;土壤pH值(6.31~6.68)呈中性偏弱酸性,与水解氮、有效磷与速效钾之间存在显著负相关性,但与全磷之间则存在显著正相关性。樟木林地与楠木林地土壤纤维素酶的活性分别为254~306、232~273 U·g-1,显著高于南方红豆杉的92~109 U·g-1。土壤pH值与多数酶之间呈负相关,而TOC、TN等则与土壤酶活性多呈显著正相关。样区林地土壤共检测出1612种细菌和2276种真菌,细菌中以酸杆菌门Acidobacteria与变形菌门Proteobacteria为优势菌群,二者相对丰度占比超过50%,真菌中子囊菌门相对丰度占据绝对优势,占比超过50%。林地土壤中细菌与真菌之间存在着较强的交互作用,健康林地土壤中微生物OTUs数目更多,Alpha多样性也更高。【结论】有机质含量、水解氮、有效磷与速效钾等土壤理化性质与林地健康度之间显著相关,不同土壤理化性质之间也存在较强的相关性。健康林地土壤酶活性更高,其微生物(尤其是细菌)丰度与群落多样性均高于不健康林地,不同微生物共同构成了一个相对复杂稳定的生态系统。【Objective】The study on the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties,microbial community structure and forest health of rare tree species in Xiangxi Region can provide scientific basis for forest land management and soil improvement.【Method】Three kinds of trees(Taxus chinensis,Camphor and Phoebe)in a mountainous area in Xiangxi Region were selected as the research objects.The physical and chemical properties,microbial biomass and enzyme activities of soil in different woodlands were determined by using typical plots and random sampling methods.The structure of soil microbial community was analyzed,and the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties,microbial community and forest tree health was explored.【Result】The soil density ranged from 0.70-0.95 g∙cm−3 and had a significant negative correlation with the total porosity,water content,pH and other indicators,but a significant positive correlation with the total potassium content.There were a significant negative correlation between soil pH(6.31-6.68)and hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,and a significant positive correlation with total phosphorus.The cellulase activity in the soil of Camphor forest(254-306 U∙g−1)and Phoebe forest(232-273 U∙g−1)was significantly higher than that of T.chinensis(92-109 U·g-1).Soil pH was negatively correlated with most enzymes,while TOC,TN,and so on were significantly positively correlated with soil enzyme activities.1612 species of bacteria and 2276 species of fungi were detected in the forest soil of the sample area.Among the bacteria,Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria,with a relative abundance accounting for more than 50%,and the relative abundance of fungal ascomycetes accounted for an absolute advantage relative abundance of more than 50%.There was a strong interaction between fungi and bacteria in forest soil.The number of microbial OTUs in healthy forest soil was more than that in unhealthy forest,and the Alpha d

关 键 词：湘西地区 珍稀树木 林地土壤 理化性质 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]