不同元宝枫优树含油率与脂肪酸含量分析  

Oil content and fatty acid composition of superior Acer truncatum trees

作　　者：吴红[1] 燕丽萍[2] 李成忠[1] 李霞[1] 曲良谱[1] 赵宝元 WU Hong;YAN Liping;LI Chengzhong;LI Xia;QU Liangpu;ZHAO Baoyuan(Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,Taizhou 225300,Jiangsu,China;Shandong Provincial Academy of Forestry,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,江苏泰州225300 [2]山东省林业科学研究院山东省林木遗传改良重点试验室,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第12期165-176,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC00903);泰山学者工程项目;江苏农牧科技职业学院横向项目(11710121028);江苏省林业科技示范与推广项目(LYKJ[2020]29);江苏省现代农业(花卉)产业技术体系泰州推广示范基地(JATS[2022]393)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析元宝枫单株间含油率和脂肪酸组分的差异,筛选优良单株进行良种繁育。【方法】以22株10年生初选优树的种子为研究材料,测定分析种子含油率和脂肪酸组分含量,采用多重比较、相关分析和主成分分析进行研究。【结果】1)优树种仁含油率为25.35%~50.11%,变异系数为0.19。其中WYZ-5和SYZ-5含油率最高,为50.11%;其次WYZ-1为48.79%,优树XYZ-3和XYZ-2含油率最低,仅为25.35%和28.42%;2)种仁油共鉴定出13种脂肪酸组分,优树脂肪酸组分间以γ-亚麻酸变异系数最大,为0.38;其次花生二烯酸为0.37,α-亚麻酸为0.36,硬脂酸0.35,花生酸0.29;神经酸、芥酸和花生一烯酸变异系数较小,分别为0.17、0.18和0.18;功能性成分神经酸的占脂肪酸总量的6.23%;3)元宝枫含油率和脂肪酸相关性分析表明,种仁含油率与脂肪酸组分间存在极显著的正相关关系(P<0.01),神经酸分别与不饱和脂肪酸、油脂含量弱正相关,亚油酸与脂肪酸组分间呈极显著性正相关关系;4)通过主成分分析,将13个性状综合为2个主成分因子,累计贡献率达到93.247%,同时也逐个分析了每个主成分中主要的特征向量,选取主成分及权重,建立了元宝枫综合品质得分数学模型,根据综合得分进行单株优良度排序。【结论】元宝枫单株含油率和脂肪酸组分差异显著,具有筛选高油、高神经酸元宝枫的遗传潜能;脂肪酸成分分析发现元宝枫籽油中芥酸含量高达17.60%,因此如何选育高神经酸,低芥酸优良单株是元宝枫品种选育的方向。【Objective】This work aimed to analyze the differences of oil content and fatty acid composition among the individual trees of Acer truncatum,to select excellent individual trees for breeding improved varieties.【Method】2210-years old superior trees were selected as the materials.The seed oil content and fatty acid composition were analyzed by multiple comparison,correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Result】1)The oil content of seed ranged from 25.35%-50.11%,and the coefficient of variation reached to 0.19,in which WYZ-5 and SYZ-5 had a maximum content of 50.11%;Secondly,the WYZ-1 was 48.79%,and XYZ-3 and XYZ-2 was the lowest,only 25.35%and 28.42%.2)Thirteen fatty acid components were identified in seed,in whichγ-linolenic acid had the largest coefficient of variation of 0.39;Secondly,arachidonic acid was 0.37,α-Linolenic acid 0.36,stearic acid 0.35,arachidic acid 0.29;The coefficients of variation of nervonic acid,erucic acid and arachidonic acid were 0.17,0.18 and 0.18,respectively;nervonic acid accounted for 6.23%of the total fatty acids.3)The correlation analysis between the oil content and fatty acids of A.truncatum showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the oil content and fatty acid components of the kernel.Nerve acid was weakly positively correlated with unsaturated fatty acid and oil content,and linoleic acid was positive correlation with fatty acid components.4)13 personality traits were synthesized into 2 principal component factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 93.247%.At the same time,the main characteristic vectors of each principal component were analyzed one by one.Based on the selection of principal components and weights,a mathematical model for the comprehensive quality score of A.truncatum was established,and the individual plant goodness was ranked based on the comprehensive score.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in oil content and fatty acid composition of single tree of A.truncatum,which had the genetic potent

关 键 词：元宝枫 优树 含油率 脂肪酸组分 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]