不同砧木对郑州地区‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄生长及果实品质的影响  

Effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of‘Shine Muscat’grape in Zhengzhou

作　　者：郑聪丽 白茹[1,2] 高登涛[3,4] 魏志峰 刘丽[3] 魏春晓[5] ZHENG Congli;BAI Ru;GAO Dengtao;WEI Zhifeng;LIU Li;WEI Chunxiao(College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Featured Fruits and Vegetables of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China;Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [3]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009 [4]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100 [5]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第4期101-108,125,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：河南省重点研发计划项目(221111111800);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-RIP-04)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究郑州地区不同砧木对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄树体生长和果实品质的影响,筛选综合表现优良的砧穗组合。【方法】以‘阳光玫瑰/3309C’、‘阳光玫瑰/抗砧3号’砧穗组合为研究对象,‘阳光玫瑰’自根苗为对照,对主干粗度、枝条节间长度、叶面积、果穗数、单穗质量、单粒质量、纵横径、果皮色泽、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、固酸比、硬度、Vc含量、香气物质等树体生长和果实品质的相关指标进行调查和测定,利用隶属函数法对其生产表现进行综合评价。【结果】用3309C砧木嫁接的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实硬度和果面亮度最大。抗砧3号砧可增强‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄植株的生长势,增大果实提高产量,提高果实Vc含量。两种砧木均能提高‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的固酸比。在果实香气物质方面,三种嫁接组合中均以醛类物质的相对含量最高,醛类物质是‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实主要的芳香物质。与自根苗相比,采用不同砧木嫁接处理改变了‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的香气物质种类和含量。‘阳光玫瑰’自根苗果实香气物质种类最多,萜烯类物质的相对含量显著高于3309C砧和抗砧3号砧。其中以芳樟醇的相对含量最高,玫瑰香味最浓郁。【结论】通过隶属函数法,分析得出不同砧穗组合的综合表现排序为:抗砧3号砧>3309C砧>自根苗。相较于3309C砧木和自根苗,抗砧3号砧嫁接的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄综合表现更好,是郑州地区‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄较为理想的砧木。【Objective】The effects of different rootstocks on the growth and fruit quality of‘Shine Muscat’grapevines in Zhengzhou was explored,in order to screen the rootstock-scion combinations with excellent comprehensive performance.【Method】The rootstock-scion combinations of‘Shine Muscat/3309C’and‘Shine Muscat/Kangzhen No.3’were used as research objects,and‘Shine Muscat’self-rooted seedlings were used as control.Relevant indexes of tree growth and fruit quality,such as trunk diameter,internode length of branches,leaf area,number of spikes,single spike mass,single grain mass,longitudinal and transverse diameters,peel color,soluble solids,titratable acid,solid-acid ratio,hardness,Vc content,and aroma substances,were investigated and measured,and the membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate its production performance.【Result】‘Shine Muscat’grape grafted with 3309C rootstock had the highest fruit hardness and surface brightness.Kangzhen No.3 rootstock could enhance the growth potential of‘Shine Muscat’grape plants,increase the fruit size to improve the yield,and increase the Vc content of the fruit.Both rootstocks improved the solid-acid ratio of‘Shine Muscat’grape.In terms of fruit aroma substances,all three grafting combinations had the highest relative content of aldehydes,and aldehydes were the main aromatic substances of‘Shine Muscat’grape fruit.Compared with self-rooted seedlings,different rootstock grafting treatments changed the types and contents of aroma substances in‘Shine Muscat’grape.‘Shine Muscat’self-rooted seedlings had the most kinds of aroma substances,and the relative content of terpenes was significantly higher than that of 3309C rootstock and Kangzhen No.3 rootstock.Among them,the relative content of linalool was the highest and the fragrance of rose was the strongest.【Conclusion】Through the membership function method,the comprehensive performance ranking of different rootstock-scion combinations was analyzed as follows:Kangzh

关 键 词：砧木 ‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄 生长 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]