腐植酸有机肥对灵武长枣光合荧光参数及果实品质的影响  

Effects of humic acid organic fertilizer on photosynthetic fluorescence parameters and fruit quality of Ziziphus jujuba cv.Lingwuchangzao

作　　者：李慧[1] 谢志强 李百云[1] LI Hui;XIE Zhiqiang;LI Baiyun(Horticultures Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;Daquan Forest Farm of Lingwu,Lingwu 750405,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏灵武市大泉林场,宁夏灵武750405

出　　处：《经济林研究》2023年第4期133-141,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03324,2022AAC03441);宁夏银川市葡萄、枣国家林木种质资源库项目。

摘　　要：【目的】为灵武长枣施肥管理提供参考。【方法】以灵武长枣Ziziphus jujuba cv.Lingwuchangzao为研究对象,采用单因素随机区组设计,设置4个腐植酸有机肥施用水平,分析不同处理之间叶片氮素含量、叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数及果实品质的差异。采用主成分分析法对各处理的施肥效果进行综合评价。【结果】与对照相比,施用腐植酸有机肥显著提高了叶片铵态氮的含量,增加了6.07%~8.08%;叶绿素相对含量和净光合速率随着施肥量增加而提高,由高到低依次均为T3、T2、T1、CK;施肥后,F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(m)、F_(v)/F_(o)、E_(To)/R_(C)、R_(C)/C_(Sm)、E_(To)/C_(So)、φ_(Eo)、I_(P)有不同程度的升高,F_(o)、A_(BS)/R_(C)、D_(Io)/R_(C)、T_(Ro)/R_(C)、φ_(Do)有不同程度的降低,其中T3处理的Fv/Fm和IP显著高于对照;与对照相比,果实纵径、单果质量、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量显著增加,其中纵径和单果质量的增幅分别为5.41%~8.13%、11.15%~12.91%,可溶性固形物含量随着施肥量增加呈现增加趋势,增加了3.03%~7.52%。【结论】单株施用1.5 kg腐植酸有机肥、0.3 kg尿素、0.3 kg过磷酸钙、0.2 kg硫酸钾的效果最佳,有利于灵武长枣光合性能和果实品质的改善。【Objective】This article provides a reference for fertilization management of Ziziphus jujuba cv.Lingwuchangzao.【Method】The Z.jujuba cv.Lingwuchangzao was used as research object.Four levels of humic acid organic fertilizer treatments were carried out by using single factor block randomization.The nitrogen content of leaf,SPAD,net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and fruit quality between different treatments were analyzed.【Result】Compared with the control,the application of humic acid organic fertilizer significantly increased ammonium nitrogen content in leaves,increasing by 6.07%-8.08%.The SPAD and net photosynthetic rate increased with the raising of fertilization,the processing sequenced from high to low was T3,T2,T1,CK.After fertilization application,Fm,the maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),F_(v)/F_(o),E_(To)/R_(C),R_(C)/C_(Sm),E_(To)/C_(So),φ_(Eo),photosynthetic performance index of PSⅡ(IP)increased by different degrees.F_(o),A_(BS)/R_(C),D_(Io)/R_(C),T_(Ro)/R_(C),φ_(Do)decreased by different degrees.Fv/Fm and IP of T3 significantly higher than the control.Compared with the control,the longitudinal diameter,single fruit mass,soluble solids,and Vitamin C of the fruit significantly increased.The longitudinal diameter and single fruit mass respectively increased by 5.41%-8.13%and 11.15%-12.91%.The soluble solids content showed an increasing trend with the raising of fertilization,increasing by 3.03%-7.52%.【Conclusion】The application of 1.5 kg humic acid organic fertilizer,0.3 kg urea,0.3 kg superphosphate,and 0.2 kg SOP per plant has the best effect,which is more conducive to improve the photosynthetic performance and fruit quality of Z.jujuba cv.Lingwuchangzao.

关 键 词：腐植酸有机肥 灵武长枣 光合荧光参数 果实品质 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]