空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用  

Does the Improvement of Air Quality Narrow the Consumption Gap between Urban and Rural Residents?——The Promoting Effect of Green Development on Common Prosperity

作　　者：张斌[1] 王琦[1] Zhang Bin;Wang Qi(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,天津300071

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2024年第2期28-40,共13页Contemporary Economic Management

摘　　要：厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。Clarifying the influence of air quality on the consumption gap between urban and rural residents is helpful to understand the coordinated pro-motion of green development and common prosperity in the process of Chinese modernization.This article explains the theoretical mechanism of air quality affecting the consumption gap between urban and rural residents from the perspectives of medical and defensive expenditure,avoidance behavior and labor productivity,and makes an empirical test on its influence using the provincial data of China from 2005 to 2020.It is found that the improve-ment of air quality will significantly narrow the consumption gap between urban and rural residents.This conclusion is still valid after using the number of inversion days as an instrumental variable for endogenous treatment,changing air pollutant indicators and considering spatial autocorrelation for ro-bustness test.This effect is produced by narrowing the consumption tendency gap and the income gap between urban and rural residents;in addition,the impact of air quality on the consumption gap between urban and rural residents still has spatial spillover effect.The results show that by promoting green development and improving air quality,the consumption gap between urban and rural residents can be narrowed,thus helping to achieve the goal of common prosperity.

关 键 词：绿色发展 空气质量 城乡居民消费差距 共同富裕 规避行为 

分 类 号：F126.1[经济管理—世界经济] X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]