岛礁地形上斜坡堤前破碎波流场数值模拟研究  

Numerical modeling of flow dynamics prior to slope breakwater installation on reef terrain affected by breaking waves

作　　者：黄晶鑫 杨氾[1] 潘军宁[1] 王登婷[1] 刘清君[1] HUANG Jingxin;YANG Fan;PAN Junning;WANG Dengting;LIU Qingjun(River Harbor Engineering Department,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院河流海岸研究所,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第1期96-105,共10页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(Y221007)。

摘　　要：基于SPH方法建立波浪数值水槽,对岛礁地形上的波浪传播变形进行了数值模拟,分析了岛礁地形上波浪破碎过程的波高和水质点波动流速分布,并采用波浪水槽物理模型试验数据进行对比验证。结果表明,该模型可以较准确地模拟岛礁地形上波浪破碎引起的波高和波动流场沿程变化。在此基础上模拟了礁坪上建设斜坡堤后的波动流场,分析了斜坡堤对礁坪上流场形态、沿程波高、波动流速垂向分布及近底流速的影响。结果表明:在建设斜坡堤后,礁坪上波浪破碎更加猛烈,波浪破碎点前移;沿程波高与波动流速受反射波影响明显,沿程波高变化呈现为先增大、再减小、再增大,最后在防波堤堤脚处减小,近底流速变化趋势则与之相反;在堤前半倍波长范围内反向近底流速峰值较非岛礁地形上规范公式计算值增幅较大。Utilizing the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method,a numerical flume was established to simulate the transmission and deformation of waves on reef terrain.The breaking process of waves was analyzed,focusing on the wave height and the velocity of water particles.The simulation results were compared with experimental data,demonstrating the model’s accuracy in capturing wave height and flow field characteristics induced by breaking waves on reef terrain.Building upon this,the study extended to simulate the fluctuation flow field on the reef-flat with the presence of a slope breakwater,examining its influence on the flow field’s shape,horizontal distribution of wave height,vertical distribution of fluctuation velocity,and near-bottom flow velocity.The findings revealed that the inclusion of a slope breakwater resulted in more vigorous wave breaking on the reef-flat,with the breaking point shifting forward.The wave height and fluctuation velocity were significantly impacted by the reflected wave.The wave height exhibited an initial increase,followed by a decrease,and then a subsequent increase before finally decreasing at the breakwater’s base.Conversely,the fluctuation velocity displayed an opposite trend to the wave height.Additionally,within a distance less than half a wavelength from the breakwater’s base,the negative near-bottom velocity peak exceeded the calculated value of the normative formula for non-reef terrain.

关 键 词：岛礁地形 光滑粒子流体动力学法 数值模拟 斜坡堤 破碎波 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学] TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]