盐胁迫下东部黑核桃生理生化与营养器官结构的动态响应  

Dynamic responses of physiology,biochemistry and structure of vegetative organs of Juglans nigra to salt stress

作　　者：唐佳莉 姬新颖 郑旭 李敖 张俊佩[1] TANG Jiali;JI Xinying;ZHENG Xu;LI Ao;ZHANG Junpei(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种全国重点实验室·国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室·中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第2期294-313,共20页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2200402)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究盐胁迫下东部黑核桃生理生化与解剖结构的动态响应,探索适应盐胁迫的变化机制。【方法】以东部黑核桃实生幼苗为材料进行42 d的盆栽试验,对4个盐分梯度(0、50、100、200 mmol·L^(-1))下的生理生化与营养器官解剖结构的动态变化特征进行比较,通过相关性和主成分分析明确幼苗的耐盐评价指标。【结果】盐胁迫下,相对含水量呈下降趋势,丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总黄酮、总多酚的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的活性总体上呈上升趋势;随着盐浓度和胁迫时间的增加,栅栏组织、根皮层、茎周皮、海绵组织、叶片的厚度呈先增加后降低的趋势;叶表皮、茎韧皮部、茎木质部、根周皮、根皮层的厚度,维管束、叶主脉、根的直径,组织结构疏松度,组织结构紧密度,栅海比,叶脉凸起度在不同的胁迫浓度和时间下呈不同的变化模式。盐胁迫下的解剖特征的主成分有差异,生理生化指标与解剖特征之间具有一定的相关性。【结论】东部黑核桃在盐胁迫下通过改变营养器官结构特征、提升渗透调节物质含量和抗活性氧物质活性等方式应对盐胁迫;栅海比、茎周皮、茎木质部、根粗可作为幼苗耐盐品种筛选的参考指标。【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the physiological and biological responses and anatomical stracture changes of Juglans nigra vegetative organs to persistent salt stress in order to un-derstand the adaptation mechanism of J.nigra to salt stress.【Methods】Seedlings of J.nigra were used as materials,and a 42-day pot experiment was conducted with four salt concentration gradients(0 mmol·L^(-1),50 mmol·L^(-1),100 mmol·L^(-1),and 200 mmol·L^(-1)).Functional leaves,stems,and first later-al roots were collected at 14,28,and 42 days after salt stress for the determination of physiological and biochemical indicators as well as anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of the seedlings.The dy-namic changes in physiology,biochemistry and anatomical structure of the seedlings were studied,and the relationship between physiological,biochemical and anatomical parameters of the vegetative organs was analyzed.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to determine the salt tolerance evaluation index of J.nigra.【Results】The relative water content(RWC)decreased with increasing salt concentra-tion,reaching 56.15%under 200 mmol·L^(-1) treatment on the 42nd day of salt stress.The malondialde-hyde(MDA)content,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,ascorbate peroxidase(APX)activity,and to-tal flavonoid compounds(TPC)all significantly increased under salt stress.On the 14th day of stress,with the increase in salt concentration,the total phenolic content(TFC)and proline(Pro)content initial-ly decreased then increased,and the total phenolic content(TFC)and proline(Pro)content increased significantly under salt treatment at the 28th and 42nd day of stress.With the increase in salt concentra-tion,the soluble protein(SP)content showed a trend of initial increase and subsequent decrease at the 14th day of stress,and increased at the 28th day,and showed a trend of initial decrease and subsequent increase at the 42th day;There was no significant difference between the content of soluble sugar(SS)under salt treatment and

关 键 词：东部黑核桃 盐胁迫 营养器官 解剖结构 生理生化 综合分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]