酸枣新品种晋酸1号的选育  

Breeding report of a new wild jujube cultivar Jinsuan No.1(Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa)

作　　者：杨海波 赵旗峰 孟利峰 周鹏程 陈永珍 李庆亮 梁燕 聂磊云 张晓萍 李继萍 王占勤 赵龙龙[1] YANG Haibo;ZHAO Qifeng;MENG Lifeng;ZHOU Pengcheng;CHEN Yongzhen;LI Qingiang;LIANG Yan;NIE Leiyun;ZHANG Xiaoping;LI Jiping;WANG Zhanqin;ZHAO Longong(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030815,Shanxi,China;Linxian Qikouhong Agricultural Technology Compa-ny,Linxian 033200,Shanxi,China;College of Life Sciences,Zaozhuang University,Zaozhuang 277160,Shandong,China;Forestry and Grassland Engineering Station of Shanxi Province,Taiyuan 030000,Shanxi,China;Forestry Bureau of Xiaoyi City,Xiaoyi 032300,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Province Nature Reserve Service Center,Taiyuan 030000,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,山西太谷030815 [2]山西临县碛口红农业科技公司,山西临县033200 [3]枣庄学院生命科学学院,山东枣庄277160 [4]山西省林业和草原工程站,太原030000 [5]山西省孝义市林业局,山西孝义032300 [6]山西省自然保护地服务中心,太原030000

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第2期362-368,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31301674);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2023CYJSTX07-18);山西临猗县农业农村局冬枣主要病虫害生态调控技术研究与示范(2022LYTSSG)。

摘　　要：晋酸1号是从山西临县野生酸枣种质资源群体中选育出来的优良品种。果实近圆形,果顶平,果皮薄,红色,果个大;平均单果质量4.75 g,最大单果质量5.8 g,平均横径1.9 cm、纵径2.2 cm;果肉多汁,风味酸甜,可食率84.7%,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为27.6%,还原糖含量为8.5%,总糖含量为27.04%,维生素C含量为419 mg·100 g^(-1),可滴定酸含量为1.032%;果仁饱满,含仁率100%,平均单仁质量0.1 g;营养生长期170~180 d,果实生育期115 d左右,为晚熟品种。山西吕梁地区,6月上旬为盛花期,9月中下旬果实进入脆熟期,10月中上旬为果实完熟期。晋酸1号适宜于鲜食、加工、取仁,也可用于开发特色饮品。适合在山西省中南部酸枣适生区及国内同类气候地区栽培。Jinsuan No.1 is an excellent cultival selected from high-quality wild jujube germplasm re-sources in Linxian county,Shanxi province.In 2006,the first investigation and screening of wild jujube cultivars were carried out in Linxian county,the dominant producing area of wild jujube.In 2007,37 kinds of wild jujube cultivars with good performance were obtained from the selected wild jujube culti-var.In 2010,through the comparative investigation on grafting experiments,it was found that among the selected wild jujubes,No.3,No.8,No.9,No.21 and No.35 showed better comprehensive traits.Sub-sequently,a three-year comparative trial was carried out,and finally the No.3 wild jujube with the most excellent comprehensive traits was selected.In 2017,a large-scale grafting cultivation experiments were carried out in Linjiaping and Qikou of Linxian county,Yonghe county of Linfen and Taigu county of Jinzhong.Field identification was performed in September 2022 and the cultivar was received ap-proval from the Forest Variety Approval Committee of Shanxi Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bu-reau in December,named Jinsuan No.1(Benefit number:Jin S-SV-ZJ-017-2022).Jinsuan No.1 wild jujube tree shape is open and the tree vigor is moderate.Leaves are ovate-lanceolate,2.5-6.8 cm long and 2.0-3.5 cm wide with leaf base slanting 1.1-2.9 mm;the petiole is 3-6 mm long;jujube hanging is 13-25 cm long.Jinsuan No.1 wild jujube fruit is nearly round,the top of the fruit is flat,the pericarp is thin and red,and the fruit is large.The average single fruit weight is 4.75 g,the maximum single fruit weight is 5.8 g,the average transverse diameter is 1.9 cm,and the average longitudinal diameter is 2.2 cm;the flesh is thick,juicy,dense and crisp,sweet and sour,and the edible rate is 84.7%without residue.The soluble solids content is 27.6%,reducing sugar(glucose)content is 8.5%,total sugar content is 27.04%,VC content is 419 mg·100 g^(-1),and titratable acid is 1.032%.The kernel is full,with a kernel rate of 100%,and the average single kernel weight is

关 键 词：酸枣 新品种 晋酸1号 酸枣仁 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]