副词“才”与“就”核心语义的对比分析  

A Contrastive Analysis of the Usage of the Subjective Small Quantity Adverb“Cai”(才)and“Jiu”(就)

作　　者：杨晓霞 YANG Xiaoxia(College of Humanities,Communication University of China,Beijing 100024,China;School of Literature and Journalism,Dezhou University,Dezhou Shandong 253023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024 [2]德州学院文学与新闻传播学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《德州学院学报》2024年第1期52-56,共5页Journal of Dezhou University

基　　金：2022年度德州市哲学社会科学研究课题(2022DZZS053)。

摘　　要：当客观事实与说话人心理预期偏离时,副词“才”与“就”都是言者主观小量立场的表达手段。句中只有一个表量的成分时,其出现在“就”或“才”之后,并与该副词在语义上密切相关,体现主观小量。两个副词的不同之处在于,句中出现两个与量相关的成分时,其分居副词前后,“才”仍只与其后的量相关,“就”却与其前的量相关。另一个与副词无关的表量成分仅用作对比来凸显量之小。副词“才”与“就”这一核心语义并不受语义指向和焦点位置的影响。焦点和两个副词一样,都是凸显言者立场的手段,其作用是激活相关预设,以顺利展开会话涵义推导,传达言外之意。When the objective facts deviate from the speaker’s psychological expectations,the adverbs“cai”(才)and“jiu”(就)are both the means of expressing the speaker’s subjective small position.When there is only one quantifier in a sentence,it appears after“jiu”(就)or“cai”(才)and is closely related to the adverb in semantics,reflecting the subjective small quantity.The difference of the two adverbs is that when two components related to quantity appear in a sentence,they are separated before and after the adverb,“cai”(才)is still only related to the quantity after it,while“jiu”(就)is related to the quantity before it.Another scale component is only used for comparison to highlight the small scale.The core semantics of the adverbs“cai”(才)and“jiu”(就)are not influenced by semantic direction or the position of focus.Focus,like two adverbs,is a m eans of highlighting the s peaker’s position,its function is to activate relevant pres uppositions,smoothly carry out the derivation of conversational me aning,and convey the implied meaning.

关 键 词：副词 言者立场 主观小量 焦点 会话涵义 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语] H146