面向夹持采收的油菜薹茎、枝、叶生物力学特性试验  

Experimental Study on Biomechanical Characteristics of Rape Shoot Stems,Twigs and Leaves in Clamping Harvesting

作　　者：谢伟[1,2] 孟德鑫 蒋蘋 彭磊[1] 欧阳琛 XIE Wei;MENG Dexin;JIANG Pin;PENG Lei;OUYANG Chen(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]智能农机装备湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2023年第6期1504-1516,共13页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40250)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对适收期油菜薹机械化有序采收作业密切相关的夹段部生物力学特性无基础数据和可靠依据供参考的问题。【方法】以“农大1号”双低甘蓝型油菜机械化适收初薹期为研究对象,对夹段部茎秆、枝干和薹叶进行基本物性参数测定,利用万能试验机配合YYD-1茎秆强度测定仪,对夹段部不同直径大小的茎秆和枝干,以及不同厚度的薹叶,分别分为A级、B级、C级3个等级尺寸进行生物力学特性试验。【结果】茎秆和枝干的最大弯曲力、最大压缩力、最大剪切力与直径大小呈正相关关系,薹叶的最大压缩力、最大剪切力与厚度大小呈正相关关系。茎秆的最大弯曲力、最大径向压缩力、最大轴向压缩力、最大剪切力范围分别为20.90~42.10 N、33.70~65.80 N、100.80~217.30 N、26.30~46.90 N,茎秆的平均最大弯曲力、平均最大径向压缩力、平均最大轴向压缩力、平均最大剪切力分别为30.58,48.58,160.74,37.00 N;枝干的最大弯曲力、最大箱体压缩力、最大剪切力范围分别为5.5~15.4 N、267.20~415.80 N、7.20~9.20 N,枝干的平均最大弯曲力、平均最大箱体压缩力、平均最大剪切力分别为9.16,341.79,7.65 N;薹叶的最大箱体压缩力、最大剪切力范围分别为23.20~40.70 N、5.40~9.90 N,薹叶的平均最大箱体压缩力、平均最大剪切力分别为31.87 N、7.65 N。【结论】茎秆属于各向异性材料;茎秆的剪切力远大于枝干和薹叶的剪切力;茎秆的弯曲力远大于枝干弯曲力,但茎秆的弹性模量和抗弯强度明显小于枝干的弹性模量和抗弯强度。结果可为油菜薹机械化采收及参数选取提供基础技术数据支持。[Objective]This study aims to solve the problem that there is no basic data or reliable basis for reference in the mechanized orderly harvesting for rape shoots during the appropriate harvesting period and for the biomechanical characteristics of the clamping section closely related to the operation,[Method]Taking the initial shoot of the double low rapeseed“Nongda 2”during the harvesting period as the research object,the basic physical parameters of the stems,twigs,and leaves in the clamping section were measured.Using a universal testing machine combined with a YYD-1 stem strength tester,the biomechanical characteristics of stems and twigs with different diameters and leaves with different thicknesses in the clamping section were tested in three levels of size,namely Class A,Class B and Class C.[Result]The stem belongs to anisotropic materials,and the maximum bending force,maximum compression force,and maximum shear force of the stem and twigs were positively correlated with the diameter.The maximum compression force and maximum shear force of the leaves were positively correlated with the thickness.The maximum bending force,maximum radial compression force,maximum axial compression force,and maximum shear force ranges of the stem were 20.90-42.10 N,33.70-65.80 N,100.80-217.30 N and 26.30-46.90 N,respectively.The average maximum bending force,average maximum radial compression force,average maximum axial compression force,and average maximum shear force of the stem were 30.58 N,48.58 N,160.74 N,37.00 N,respectively.The maximum bending force,maximum box compression force,and the maximum shear force ranges of the twigs were 5.5-15.4 N,267.20-415.80 N and 7.20-9.20 N,respectively;The average maximum bending force,average maximum box compression force,and average maximum shear force of the twigs were 9.16 N,341.79 N,and 7.65 N,respectively.The maximum box compression force and maximum shear force ranges of the leaf were 23.20-40.70 N and 5.40-9.90 N,respectively.The average maximum box compression force and ave

关 键 词：油菜薹 夹段部 力学特性 试验 

分 类 号：S225.99[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S565.4[农业科学—农业工程]