城市电商化发展对企业劳动力需求的影响  

The influence of the development of urban e-commerce on the labor demand of enterprises

作　　者：赵麦茹[1] 廖光杰 ZHAO Mairu;LIAO Guangjie(School of Economics and Management,Northwestern University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《经济论坛》2024年第1期15-34,共20页Economic Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国传统经济思想的政治经济学智慧及其现代价值”(17BJL027);西北大学研究生创新项目“陕西省巩固脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的机制选择研究”(CX2023044)。

摘　　要：如何推动数字经济、电子商务技术应用与稳就业目标协同,是在高质量发展中实现共同富裕的关键。文章以2007—2020年中国A股制造业及相关上市公司为研究样本,将国家电子商务示范城市建设作为外生冲击,运用渐进双重差分法评估了城市电子商务发展对企业劳动力需求的影响及其机制。研究发现,国家电子商务示范城市建设不仅总体上显著提高了企业劳动力需求规模,而且影响企业劳动力需求结构调整。影响机制研究表明,电商示范城市建设通过扩大企业市场规模、提高企业生产效率和缓解融资约束三种机制,促进了企业劳动力需求规模增加。异质性分析表明,电商示范城市建设对劳动力需求的影响在不同所有制企业、不同经营规模企业以及不同地理位置企业存在显著差异。How to promote the synergy between the application of digital economy and e-commerce technology and the goal of stable employment is the key to achieving common prosperity in high-quality development.This pa⁃per takes China’s A-share manufacturing industry and related listed companies from 2007 to 2020 as research samples,takes the construction of national e-commerce demonstration cities as exogenous impact,and uses progres⁃sive dual differential method to assess the impact of urban e-commerce development on the labor demand of enter⁃prises and its mechanism.It is found that the construction of national e-commerce demonstration cities not only sig⁃nificantly improves the scale of enterprise labor demand in general,but also affects the restructuring of enterprise la⁃bor demand.The study of the influence mechanism shows that the construction of e-commerce demonstration cities promotes the increase of the scale of enterprise labor demand by improving the market size and production efficien⁃cy of enterprises and easing financing constraints.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of e-commerce dem⁃onstration city construction on labor demand is significantly different in enterprises of different ownership,enterpris⁃es of different operation scales and enterprises of different geographical locations.

关 键 词：国家电子商务示范城市 电子商务 渐进双重差分法 企业劳动力需求 

分 类 号：F724.6[经济管理—产业经济] C971[经济管理—劳动经济]