不同氯化钾施用措施对烤烟上部叶产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Potassium Chloride Application Measures on Upper Leaf Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：张通[1] 张永辉 陈相君 夏春 雷晓 杨浩[1] 刘雅洁[1] 刘雷[1] 曾淑华[1] ZHANG Tong;ZHANG Yong-hui;CHEN Xiang-jun(Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130;Luzhou Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Corporation,Luzhou,Sichuan 646600)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学,四川成都611130 [2]四川省烟草公司泸州市公司,四川泸州646600

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第4期139-143,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省烟草公司科技项目“提高泸州烤烟上部烟叶质量的关键技术研究与应用”(202051050024015)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨适宜泸州烟区的氯化钾施用措施,进一步完善田间上部烟叶的调控技术。[方法]采用田间试验,以“中川208”为试材,设施氯量30、60、90、0 kg/hm^(2)4个水平,基追比为5∶5,追施时期设移栽后30和50 d,共7个氯化钾施用处理。分析上部烟叶农艺性状、SPAD值、经济性状、化学成分、物理性状的变化。[结果]较不施用氯化钾而言,施用氯化钾使上部烟叶产量、产值、均价、中上等烟比例分别提高3.11%~9.17%、6.12%~19.29%、2.79%~12.92%、4.01%~18.25%;烤后烟叶颜色、成熟度、身份、油分、色度均得到提升,综合得分提升1.15%~8.30%。[结论]以基肥施用氯化钾30 kg/hm^(2),移栽50 d后追施30 kg/hm^(2)的施肥措施经济效益最高,烤后上部烟叶外观质量、化学成分、物理性状评分最高。[Objective]To explore the potassium chloride application measures suitable for Luzhou tobacco planting area and further improve the regulation technology of upper tobacco leaves in the field.[Method]A field experiment was conducted with‘Zhongchuan 208’as the test material.Four potassium chloride application rates of 30,60,90 and 0 kg/hm^(2)were set.The ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing was 5∶5.The topdressing period was set at 30 and 50 d after transplanting,with a total of seven potassium chloride application methods.The changes of agronomic characters,SPAD value,economic characters,chemical composition and physical characters of upper tobacco leaves were analyzed.[Result]Compared with no application of potassium chloride,the application of potassium chloride increased the yield,output value,average price and the proportion of medium and high-grade tobacco by 3.11%-9.17%,6.12%-19.29%,2.79%-12.92%and 4.01%-18.25%respectively.The color,maturity,body,oil content and chroma of flue-cured tobacco were improved,and the comprehensive score was increased by 1.15%-8.30%.[Conclusion]Applying 30 kg/hm^(2)potassium chloride as base fertilizer and applying 30 kg/hm^(2)after transplanting for 50 days has the highest economic benefit.The appearance quality,chemical composition and physical properties of the upper tobacco leaves after baking get the highest score.

关 键 词：烤烟 氯化钾 上部叶 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]