基于最速降线理论的负压抽屑装置优化设计  

Optimal Design of Negative Pressure Chip Extraction Device Based on the Theory of the Dastest Dalling Line

作　　者：杨尚进 陈振亚[1,2] 马卓强 石瑞涛 苏蔚涛 白宇鑫 YANG Shangjin;CHEN Zhenya;MA Zhuoqiang;SHI Ruitao;SU Weitao;BAI Yuxin(School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械工程学院,太原030051 [2]中北大学恶劣环境下智能装备技术山西省重点实验室,太原030051

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第2期141-145,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005456);山西省专利转化专项计划项目(202305006);中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(YDZJSX2022A032);军科委基础加强项目(20XX-JCJQ-ZD-XXX-XX);山西省基础研究计划面上项目(202303021221109)。

摘　　要：为提高深孔加工精度,解决深孔中难排屑问题,在分析负压抽屑装置原理的基础上,求解出负压装置的最速降线方程,设计一种带有膛线的最速降线负压装置来提高排屑效率,利用方程驱动曲线建立其三维模型进行流体仿真,并通过正交试验找出膛线的最优参数。Fluent仿真结果表明,最速降线负压装置的负压效果比普通的锥面负压装置提高了4.2倍,切削液流速提高了3.6倍,湍流动能提高了2.5倍;当膛线数量为8根,膛线深度为0.15 mm,螺旋角度为9°时能最大幅度地提高排屑动力。该结构有效提高了深孔加工排屑动力,证明了最速降线能有效促进流体流动。In order to improve the precision of deep hole machining and solve the problem of difficult chip removal in deep hole,based on the analysis of the principle of negative pressure chip extraction device,the equation of the fastest drop line of the negative pressure device was solved,and a kind of negative pressure device with rifling was designed to improve the chip removal efficiency,The three-dimensional model is established by the equation-driven curve for fluid simulation,and the optimal parameters of rifling are found out by orthogonal test.The Fluent simulation results show that the negative pressure effect of the fastest drop line negative pressure device is 4.2 times higher than that of the ordinary cone negative pressure device,the cutting fluid flow rate is 3.6 times higher,and the turbulent kinetic energy is 2.5 times higher.When the number of rifling is 8,the rifling depth is 0.15mm,and the spiral Angle is 9°,the chip removal power can be greatly improved.This structure effectively improves the chip removal power of deep hole machining,and proves that the fastest drawdown line can effectively promote fluid flow.

关 键 词：负压抽屑 最速降线 膛线结构 正交试验 流体仿真 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG52[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]