试论1876年英国政治运动“保加利亚风潮”的起因与发展演变  

The Rise and Fall of the Bulgarian Agitation in Britain in 1876

作　　者：卢宇嘉 LU Yujia

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系,100089

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2023年第6期104-112,204,共10页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：1876年发生在英国的“保加利亚风潮”是维多利亚时代中后期一场重要的政治运动。这场运动起源于英国媒体对奥斯曼帝国在保加利亚地区暴行的夸张报道,随后在地方精英的领导下发展壮大,最后在自由党政治家格莱斯顿的推动下走向高潮。在这一过程中,帝国主义话语体系和英国对奥斯曼帝国认知中的病夫话语发挥了重要作用。虽然这场声势浩大的群众运动最终并没有能够达到目标,但它不仅唤起了英国民众的道德良知和民主意识,而且深刻改变了英国对奥斯曼帝国的政策和认知。The Bulgarian Agitation that occurred in Britain in 1876 was an important political movement during the mid-to-late Victorian era.It originated from exaggerated media reports about the atrocities committed by the Ottoman Empire in the Bulgarian region.Later,it developed under the leadership of local elites and culminated with the promotion of Liberal politician Gladstone.During this process,both the imperialist discourse and the Sick-Man discourse employed in British perceptions of Turkey played important roles.This vociferous mass movement not only aroused the moral conscience and sense of democracy among the British public but also profoundly changed the British policies towards and the perceptions about the Ottoman Empire,even though it did not ultimately achieve its goals.

关 键 词：“保加利亚风潮” 英国 奥斯曼帝国 病夫话语 格莱斯顿 

分 类 号：K561.44[历史地理—历史学] D756.1[历史地理—世界史]