电梯轿厢气溶胶颗粒传播特性及通风净化分析  

Analysis of Aerosol Particle Propagation Characteristics and Ventilation Purification in Elevator Car

作　　者：苗露 石硕[1] MIAO Lu;SHI Shuo

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学热能工程学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《煤气与热力》2024年第1期19-23,34,共6页Gas & Heat

基　　金：国家留学基金委青年骨干教师出国研修项目(201809995007);山东建筑大学博士基金项目(XNBSI717);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MEEO83)。

摘　　要：采用数值模拟方法,以人体口腔作为气溶胶颗粒喷射源,研究在不同通风方式下电梯轿厢内气溶胶颗粒的弥散分布、通风方式净化能力。通风方式1,轿厢顶棚左右两侧各设置6个均匀分布的自然送风孔,左右壁面底部中间位置分别设置1个排风口。通风方式2,送风口设置在轿厢顶棚后侧中间位置,排风口设置在轿厢左壁面底部中间位置。通风方式3,送风口分别设置在轿厢顶棚左右两侧中间位置,排风口分别设置在左右壁面底部中间位置。通风方式4,两送风口沿轿厢顶棚3等分线分布,排风口分别设置在左右壁面底部中间位置。自然通风无法及时有效排出电梯轿厢内的气溶胶颗粒。与通风方式2相比,通风方式3发生病毒接触式感染风险更高。通风方式4的病毒气溶胶颗粒传播与病毒接触式感染风险均小于其他通风方式,通风净化能力理想。Using numerical simulation method,the dispersion distribution of aerosol particles in the elevator car and purification capabilities of ventilation modes under different ventilation modes are studied by using the human oral cavity as the aerosol particle injection source.Ventilation mode 1:6 evenly distributed natural air supply holes are set at the left and right sides of the elevator car top,and 1 air outlet is respectively set at the bottom center of the left and right walls.Ventilation mode 2:the air supply outlet is set at the middle position at the rear side of the elevator car top,and the air exhaust outlet is set at the middle position of the left side of the elevator car bottom.Ventilation mode 3:the air supply outlets are respectively set at the middle position of the left and right sides of the elevator car top,and the air exhaust outlets are respectively set at the middle position of the left and right sides of the elevator car bottom.Ventilation mode 4:the two air supply outlets are distributed along the elevator car top,divided into three equal sections,and the air exhaust outlets are respectively arranged in the middle of the bottom of the left and right walls.Natural ventilation cannot effectively discharge aerosol particles in the elevator car in a timely manner.Compared with ventilation mode 2,ventilation mode 3 has a higher risk of virus contact infection.The risk of virus aerosol particle transmission and virus contact infection in ventilation mode 4 is lower than that of other ventilation modes,and the ventilation and purification ability is ideal.

关 键 词：电梯轿厢 飞沫 气溶胶颗粒 弥散分布 通风方式 

分 类 号：TU834.8[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]